Vegetable Lists
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Processing Technology of crude Potato starch
Technological process potato → cleaning → grinding → potato dregs separation → precipitation → drying → crude starch operation points (1) Grinding: select potatoes with more starch, pick out rotten potatoes and diseased potatoes, put them into the washing tank, add clean water and stir with sticks to clean the potato pieces. The washed potato cubes are put into the grinder, grind with water, grind into starch pulp and flow into the receiving tank. (2) Separation: sift out the potato dregs in the starch paste with a coarse and fine sieve, or put the starch paste into a cloth bag, fasten the mouth of the bag and put it into the trough.
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Spring Potato Variety-Yunshu 201 (1)
Characteristics and characteristics: bred by Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; approved by Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2004; growth period 100 to 110 days, middle and late maturity; growth period equivalent to "Zhongdian Hong" and "Mira" and 13 to 19 days earlier than "Hezuo 88"; long oval potato shape, rough epidermis, shallow bud eyes, yellow flesh, short dormancy period; commercial potato rate 78.3%; resistance to late blight in plant Dry matter content 28.6%, starch content 22.30%, protein content 2%.
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Spring sowing cultivation techniques of Potato
Potato has the characteristics of high yield, early maturity, multi-use and wide distribution. in recent years, the planting area in spring in our region has expanded year by year. 1. Potato preparation likes sand loam and loam. Can be deep ploughing before winter, watering winter water, 2500-3000 kg per mu of organic fertilizer, leveling the land before sowing, watering enough soil moisture. Through the method of shallow ploughing and fertilization, 25 kg potassium sulfate, 25 kg diammonium and 15 kg urea were sprinkled on the surface per mu, and the rotary tillage rake was used to enter the soil. When ridging, the ridge width is 60 cm, the ridge height is 20 cm 25 cm, and the ridge spacing is 100 cm.
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Harvesting, storage and processing of potatoes
First, harvest at the right time. The storage potato should be harvested when the dry matter accumulation is the most and the tuber is fully mature. The spring potato should be harvested in the first and middle of June, and the autumn potato should be harvested in the first ten days of November without frost. No matter spring and autumn potatoes, if there is a rainy day before harvest, they should be harvested after the soil is properly dried. Just unearthed tubers, the skin is relatively tender, should be hung on the ground for 1-2 hours, wait until the potato skin surface is slightly dry before collection. But you can't bask in the sun for a long time in summer, so you should store it in a cool place in time after harvest. Strict selection should be made during storage to eliminate pathological changes and damage.
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Potato should be prevented from ring rot before sowing
Potato ring rot is a common disease, but because the symptoms of potato tubers, especially the external symptoms are not obvious, it is easy to cause cutting infection; second, after the development of the disease during storage, often a large number of rot, resulting in sufficient sources of the disease. The following situations often occur in production: rotten seeds in the process of accelerating germination; no seedlings after sowing; death after emergence; formation of diseased plants, few tubers, small tubers, rotten seed potatoes, resulting in short ridges and serious lack of seedlings. The disease is a bacterial disease with a short survival time in the soil, overwintering mainly in potato lumps, and can spread over a long distance with diseased potatoes, and it belongs to species with sexually transmitted diseases.
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Prevention and Control of Potato virus Disease
Potato virus disease is the main disease of potato. According to the symptoms, potato virus disease is often divided into two categories: potato mosaic disease and potato leaf roll disease. Potato mosaic disease is the main occurrence in most areas of our province, which generally reduces potato production by 20% Mel 50%, and serious ones by more than 80%. Symptoms of common mosaic disease: after the plant is susceptible to the disease, the growth is normal and the leaves are spreading, but the leaves are light between the veins, showing different shades of mesophyll color. The leaves are easy to see yellow and green light flowers and leaves. In some varieties
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Potato virus disease
(1) the pathogens and pathogens that can infect potatoes and cause losses are potato virus X, virus Y and so on. Potato mosaic virus (PVX) is a linear virus with a length of 520-550nm. Sometimes the central pores of virus particles can be seen under electron microscope. When the virus shell is formed by subunits, its horizontal pattern can be seen, which is the main difference from potato heavy mosaic virus in morphology and structure. Potato heavy mosaic virus (PVY) is a kind of virus with a long length of 680.
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Standardized production Technology of Potato
(1) scope this standardized production technology stipulates the technical requirements for seed selection and treatment, land selection, stubble selection, ploughing and preparation, fertilization, sowing, field management and harvest in the potato production process. This standardized production technical regulation is applicable to the main potato producing areas, according to this implementation, in normal years, the yield per hectare can reach 30 tons. (2) seed selection and seed potato treatment 1. Variety selection. On the basis of the application of virus-free seed potato, the suitable varieties were selected according to the use. Kexin 4, Kexin 12 and Kexin 13 can be selected for edible fresh potato production.
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Fresh-keeping technology of potato
In recent years, the total export of fresh potato in China shows an upward trend year by year. In 1996, exports totaled 440000 tons, with a total foreign exchange of 75 million US dollars. However, export fresh potatoes have more stringent requirements on quality. compared with the main potato producing countries in Europe, there is a gap in variety, classification, packaging, storage and transportation of fresh potatoes exported by China. This paper briefly introduces the fresh-keeping technology of potato: 1. Anti-browning and sterilization anti-browning of potato. The most effective concentration of sodium hypochlorite is 17.5ppm and the soaking solution ph is 4.
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The method of rapid propagation of potato buds
Land selection: all areas where sprouting or transplanting must be plots where potatoes have not been planted for more than 3 years. Nurture sprouts: select potatoes: carefully select the original or original seeds harvested last year, select potatoes weighing about 100 grams and uniform size, and remove individual deformed potatoes and diseased potatoes. Promote sprouting: hang the selected potato pieces on the ground in a nylon net shed and dry them for 10-15 days. When the surface of the seed potato becomes soft and the top bud grows to the size of the soybean grain, the potato sprout is planted. Make budding bed: the bed is 1 meter wide, 2.5 meters long and 0.3 meters deep. Select
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Potato Bashu 9
Variety source: Bashang Agricultural Science Research Institute, Zhangjiakou District, Hebei Province, used "Duozibai" (292-20) as female parent and "Epoka" as male parent in 1958. It was bred and named in 1972 and began to popularize. It has been approved as a national variety by the National crop Variety examination and approval Committee. Main characters: plant type semi-erect, more branched, plant height about 60cm, stem green, strong growth potential; green leaves, medium hairs, compound leaves, 4 pairs of lateral leaflets; inflorescence peduncle green.
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Potato cancer disease
(pathogen name) Synchytriumendobioticum (Schilb.) Percival (host crop) potato, tomato, Solanum nigrum, etc. (disease diagnosis) it mainly damages the underground part of the plant, and it is common on potato tubers and stolons. The bud eyes and stolons of the killed tubers, because the bacteria stimulate the cells to divide continuously, forming tumors of different sizes, irregular shapes and rough protuberances, shaped like cauliflower. The surface of the damaged potato is often cracked. The cancer tissue in the early stage is yellow and white, exposed to the earth.
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"two Micro and one Free" cultivation techniques of Potato
"two micro and one free" means that seed potatoes use 20-25 grams of potato pieces, which are covered with microfilm after sowing, and the land is no-tillage or no-deep tillage. The application effect of this technique on the gentle slope of red soil hilly land is the most remarkable, which can be more than 15 days earlier than the potato cultivated in the same period, save fertilizer by 30%, save labor by 2-3, save cost by more than 40%, increase the yield by 150-300%, increase the rate of large potato by 30-40%, and increase efficiency by more than 700 yuan per mu. First, select improved varieties. Early and middle maturing varieties with high quality, high yield and strong resistance should be selected, especially virus-free varieties.
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Rotten cellar of potato (Phytophthora)
There are dark or purple spots on the surface of symptomatic potato pieces, which are deep within the 1cm, and it is not easy to see white mold, but when the humidity in the cellar is high, the disease will produce white mold, that is, pathogen cyst peduncles and sporangia. Causing a rotten cellar. See potato disease-potato late blight for pathogen, route of transmission and disease conditions. For control methods, see potato dry rot.
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Sichuan taro 39 (potato)
It was approved by Sichuan Province in 1996. A cumulative promotion of 2 million mu. The main results are as follows: (1) Variety source: it was bred by 379645.4X7XY-1 hybridization in 1991 by crop Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences. (2) characteristics: field observation showed that the ability of resistance to virus disease, late blight and bacterial wilt was stronger than that of Sichuan taro 56 and Mila. (3) yield performance: in the multi-site experiment from 1922 to 1994, the average yield of fresh potato per mu was 1571.8 kg per mu at 21 points in 3 years, which was 14% higher than that of the control virus-free taro 56.
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Common intercropping patterns in cotton fields (3) interplanting patterns of cotton and potatoes
The cotton and potato interplanting model has a large application area in northern Jiangsu, the symbiotic period of the two crops is not long, the mutual influence during the symbiotic period is small, and there is a complementary effect in fertilizer utilization. In the later stage of potato growth, there is enough fertilizer and water in the field, which is beneficial to cotton seedling emergence, and the double high yield of cotton and potato can be obtained. generally, the yield of potato is 2000-2500kg per mu, the yield of cotton is 80kg-100kg per mu, the output value per mu is 2500-3000 yuan, and the net income is 1500-2000 yuan. General border width of about 3 meters, cotton size row planting, large row spacing of 150 cm, small row
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Successful introduction of Color Potato in Ningshan County, Shaanxi Province
Learned from Zhengzhou Grain Wholesale Market: in an experimental field in Jieyan Village, Jieyan Village, Jieyan Town, Ningshan County, Shaanxi Province, the potatoes just dug up show bright red, light red, dark purple, light yellow and other colors, which is very eye-catching. This is a new special potato variety introduced and developed by Ningshan County Agricultural Technology Center, Ningshan County seed Company and Northwest University of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, and 12 new varieties have been introduced from the United States and Canada for the first time. After the successful spring sowing trial in Xunyangba Town, which is 1300 meters above sea level in 2004,
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Prevention and treatment of Potato poisoning in Poultry
Chickens, ducks, geese and other poultry are prone to poisoning due to feeding sprouted potatoes without treatment (such as heating, etc.), or incomplete treatment. Because germinated potatoes contain potato venom or solanum nigrum in the bud pores and embryos. This toxin has a lytic effect on cells, a strong stimulation to the mucous membrane, and a paralytic effect on the exercise respiratory center. The symptoms of potato poisoning in poultry are low spirits, loss of appetite, dyskinesia and diarrhea. In general, the body temperature is not high, and in severe cases, there are elevated body temperature, coma, convulsions and dyspnea.
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Ji Zhangshu No. 4 (Potato)
Ji Zhangshu No. 4 was bred by sexual hybridization using Kaqiding as female parent and S.Chacoense as male parent in Bashang Agricultural Research Institute of Zhangjiakou City. The characteristic characteristics participated in the variety comparison test in 1991, and the yield per mu was equivalent to 1947.3kg, which was 13.7% higher than that of the control Bashu 9. From 1992 to 1994, we participated in the regional experiment of potato mid-ripening group in Zhangjiakou City. The average yield per mu for 3 years was 1615.2kg, which was higher than that of Bashu.
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High-yielding Cultivation Models of Several Potato Species
In recent years, Potato Association of Ziyang District in Yiyang City actively explored potato high-yield cultivation mode, and carried out continuous demonstration planting in Xiangpulun Township, Yingfengqiao Town and Changchun Town, forming a complete set of high-yield cultivation technology system. Spring potato-double cropping rice cultivation. Spring potato selection "Dongnong 303" and other early-maturing varieties, from mid-late December to early January next year sowing, late April to early May harvest. Early rice is selected from late-maturing varieties, and the seedlings are sown sparsely or raised in two stages.
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