Vegetable Lists
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Cultivation techniques of Winter Potato
In variety selection, virus-free potato varieties Zihua 851 and Kexin 3 with high yield, wide adaptability and good commodity were selected. Seed potato is generally prepared to choose 25 to 30 grams of small seed potato for sowing. Seed potato germination was carried out 20 days before sowing. The intact seed potato was soaked in 10 mg / kg gibberellin solution for 15 minutes, and then germinated in wet sand. Pay attention to keep the sand moist to prevent stagnant water. Slicing seed potatoes should ensure that each cut has more than one robust bud, and then sprout with plant ash dipped in the incision. When the bud is 1 cm long, the bud base appears.
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No-tillage and low-tillage cultivation of potato in winter
1. No-less tillage treatment 1. No-less cultivation of potato should be carried out in sandy loam fields with convenient drainage and irrigation, loose soil, PH value of 5.5-6, water and fertilizer conservation, especially suitable for sandy loam paddy fields with good winter irrigation and drainage conditions in our city. Prone to drought and water shortage fields and shallow thin fields, sticky heavy fields, low-lying fields, mountain pit fields, cold soaked fields, rotten fields
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Key points of High-yield cultivation of Winter Potato
First, land selection and land preparation. Winter potato should choose sandy loam with convenient transportation, deep surface layer, good drainage and ventilation, rich in organic matter, sufficient water source, convenient drainage and irrigation, slightly acidic, and formerly used as rice. Soil preparation should be deep ploughing fine rake to ensure that the loose soil layer is more than 8 inches; ridging for border, double-row planting ridge surface width 2.5m2, trench width 7Mel 8 inch, require fine pieces of soil, ridge surface and trench bottom straight. Second, seed potato treatment and slicing. After buying back the seed potatoes, get rid of the diseased, rotten and miscellaneous potatoes, spread out the good seed potatoes and spray them with 200 times formalin or 600 times Dakota.
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Occurrence and control of diseases and insect pests in winter potato
In recent years, the potato planting area in our city has been expanding continuously, and various diseases and insect pests of potato have occurred alternately, seriously affecting the yield and quality of potato. It is the growing season of potato at present. According to the investigation of Tiechong and Renshan in this station and Huidong Station recently, the main diseases and insect pests of winter potato in our city include potato bacterial wilt, black shank disease, late blight, virus disease, underground pests and aphids. Investigation should be strengthened, especially the prevention and control of potato soil-borne diseases. I. Occurrence of diseases and insect pests
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Winter-grown potatoes
First, sow seeds at the right time to seek advantages and avoid disadvantages. The sowing date of winter potato is based on the best sowing time when the soil temperature reaches 7 or 8 ℃ at the depth of 10 cm. In an area not affected by frost. Sow as early as possible. It can be harvested before the high temperature in summer. Get a higher yield. The late blight was serious in the later stage of late sowing. Poor storability. Second, select improved varieties and promote buds and seedlings. Potatoes are sown in different places to facilitate disease resistance and high yield. Zihua Baikexin 3 and Kexin 1 were selected to have high yield. Budding must be carried out before sowing.
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The benefit of planting potato in winter idle field is good.
First, select the fields and sow seeds at the right time. Select the double cropping rice areas below 100m above sea level, with little or no frost in winter and an average annual temperature of more than 19 ℃. The paddy fields with deep plough layer, loose texture, medium and high fertility and convenient drainage and irrigation are required. At the same time, the sowing date should be arranged reasonably. Double late rice should be sunburned immediately after harvest in the middle of November, sowed in the first and middle of December, and harvested from late March to early April of the following year. Second, fine soil preparation, deep ditches and high beds. Planting potatoes in rice fields in winter is most afraid of stagnant water, so fine soil preparation, deep ploughing and high border cultivation and planting should be advocated.
2019-01-16 -
Water-saving cultivation techniques of Potato
The water-saving cultivation technology of potato furrow and ridge increases the interface between soil and air, ensures a good aerated environment for stems in the ground, aggravates the change of temperature difference between day and night, reduces surface runoff, and makes the soil more fully absorb precipitation. Through the implementation of the project "integration and demonstration of water-saving agricultural technology system in northern semi-arid rain harvesting supplementary irrigation dry farming area (Pengyang, Ningxia)-research, screening, integration and demonstration of agricultural supporting techniques for efficient use of rain harvesting", the water-saving cultivation techniques of potato were summarized. for production. (1) Variety selection
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Key points of intercropping and interplanting techniques of Potato
The intercropping of potato with grain, cotton and vegetable crops can greatly improve the light energy and land utilization rate, and increase the economic benefit per unit area. The results of the experiment in Zhangqiu City, Shandong Province show that cotton and potato interplanting can yield more than 260 kg of lint and 2100 kg of potato per mu, and the intercropping of spring potato, corn and autumn potato can yield 2100 kg of spring potato, 590 kg of corn and 1300 kg of autumn potato per mu. The net benefit of these two cultivation models can be increased by 100% compared with that of single cotton or corn.
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Processing and Utilization of Potato
First, make feed potato tubers and potato dregs can be fed to livestock and poultry. According to the experiment, feeding 50 kilograms of potatoes to pigs can increase 2.5 kilograms of meat, and feeding cows can produce 40 kilograms of milk or 3.5 kilograms of cream. The average daily feed of each chicken is 71 grams of chopped and cooked potatoes and mixed feed, which can increase the annual egg production by 30 to 50, and save 20 kg of concentrate feed. Second, extracting starch can generally produce 12.15 kg of starch per 100 kg of potatoes. The extraction process is relatively simple, first wash the potatoes, and then mechanical crushing, grinding,
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Several processing methods of Potato
First, when making jam, wash the potatoes, remove the rotten and budding parts, peel them off, steam them in a steamer, and spread them out to dry. Then use a scrub sieve to make a uniform mashed potato for use. Put sugar, water and sour water (that is, sour water for vinegar room, mix with a small amount of thin rice and wheat bran in a jar, pour the tank for a week, once a day, filtered sour water, as vinegar introduction) into the pot until 110 ℃, pour the potatoes into the pot, and constantly turn with a shovel, stir-fry and press until the potatoes.
2019-01-16 -
Control measures of black shank disease of potato
(prevention and control measures) (1) carry out quarantine and strictly prohibit the transfer of seed potatoes from disease areas to prevent expansion and spread. (2) selecting disease-resistant and high-yield varieties suitable for the local area to reduce the damage. (3) select and retain disease-free seed potatoes. In the south, the seed was sown in autumn, and the moderate small tuber was selected directly as the seed potato; the disease-free seed field was established in the northern potato area, and the whole potato was sown in the seriously diseased area to avoid cutting knife infection. Seedlings or disease-free stem cuttings can also be used to plant disease-free seed potatoes to reduce the source of primary infection. (4) choose sandy loam and high dry land for planting, fine soil preparation, timely drainage and irrigation, and combination.
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Cultivation techniques of Potato covered with Straw
In 2000, Zhejiang Province carried out a study on the new technology of planting potato with no-tillage and straw mulch in rice field, changing "seed potato" to "laying potato" and "digging potato" to "picking up potato". The whole process can be vividly summarized as "setting, covering, picking and picking". Many processes such as ploughing and soil preparation, burrowing and planting, ploughing and weeding and potato digging are omitted, and the yield of fresh potatoes is more than 1500 kilograms per 667m2. A few years ago, our province successfully introduced this technology. 1. The selected varieties suitable for planting in our province are as follows:
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Cultivation techniques of Potato covered with Straw
The first is to choose a place to rectify the bed. Choose neutral or slightly acidic rice fields. It is better to leave a stake of 15cm to 20cm during rice harvest. Before sowing, delimit the border and open the ditch, with a width of 1.4 to 1.6 meters, a width of 20 to 30 centimeters and a depth of 15 to 20 centimeters. The soil dug up during the trench should be thrown evenly in the middle of the border, and the surface of the border should be arched to facilitate drainage. The second is seed potato treatment. Choose virus-free potato species with no disease and insect pests, smooth and fresh skin and a single weight of more than 20 grams. Before sowing, according to the distribution of bud eyes of tuber and potato
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Sowing method of No-tillage cultivation of Potato covered with Straw
There are three main sowing methods of potato straw mulching no-tillage cultivation: 1. No-tillage of rice field covered with rice straw directly, high-yield ditch (drainage and irrigation ditch) is dug, ditch width is 20 cm, depth is 15 cm, border width (ditch) is 150 cm. The soil dug out should not be piled on the edge of the ditch, and the border surface should be slightly arched to avoid stagnant water. General small grass and rice stubble do not affect planting, if there is a large grass can be trampled down or hoed, there is no need to use herbicides. Sow 4 rows in each row, planting in wide and narrow rows, with wide rows in the middle, row spacing of 34 cm and narrow row spacing of 28 cm on both sides.
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High-yielding cultivation techniques of Potato with Rice Straw
The main results are as follows: 1. fresh potato varieties are selected, such as Zihua 851, Zhongshu 3, Fewurita and so on. 2. Soil preparation and soil selection: potato adapts to a wide range of soil, and both sand and soil can be cultivated. But choose loose soil, good drainage, PH5.5-6.5 slightly acidic sandy soil. Potato belongs to Solanaceae, so it is not allowed to be cropped continuously or centrally mixed with other Solanaceae crops. Small high ridge soil preparation: after the previous harvest, break the soil with a rotary tiller, and then use a border preparation machine to press the width of the furrow 110-
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What are the cultivation points of potato-rice-vegetable model?
Potato-rice-vegetable model is mainly popularized in middle and high altitude areas. The main points of cultivation are as follows: (1) late-maturing varieties such as Ji Zhangru No. 5 with high resistance to late blight should be selected. (2) High quality combinations such as Liangyou 2186 and D702 Youduo No. 1 should be selected for late rice to give full play to the advantages of large temperature difference between day and night in autumn and good grain filling in middle and high altitude areas. (3) in the middle and high altitude areas, the temperature is low in winter, so cold-tolerant varieties and cold-tolerant varieties should be selected for winter vegetables.
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Experience of Potato cultivation in greenhouse
Mr. Diao Jinzhu from Diaosha Village, Longyang Town, Tengzhou City, Shandong Province, has a potato yield of more than 5000 jin per mu and an output value of 10,000 yuan. His planting experience is as follows. First, virus-free seed potato, Holland No. 7 virus-free potato introduced from Northeast China. Second, seed potato treatment to prepare seed about 200 kg / mu. Choose a sunny and warm noon in the middle of January to dry the seed potatoes for one day, and get rid of diseased, rotten and deformed potatoes. After that, the seed potato was pre-awakened in the room of 25 ℃ for 15 days, and the pre-awakening ended after the bud germinated. Then cut into pieces, each 20ml 25g. Sweet potato
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Key points of potato cultivation techniques in large ridge
The technology of potato cultivation in large ridge is to select virus-free seed potato 180kg/ha, adopt 80~90cm large ridge cultivation, deep soiling 30cm, change single layer tuber to multi-layer scattered tuber, mixed application of agricultural fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, chemical control of diseases and insect pests, chemical weeding and artificial weeding. 1. The virus-free seed tuber Kexin 13 or Kexin 18 was selected for seed treatment. 30 - 40 days before sowing, the seed potatoes are taken out of the cellar and stored at a place above 10 DEG C, dormancy is released, and seeds are trapped and germinated. At the same time select disease, rotten potato. 5~ before sowing
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Technical advantages of Potato cultivation with large ridges and close planting
Potato has been planted in China for more than 400 years, but it is still the small ridge cultivation mode of 65cm, with an average yield of 26000 kg/hm. This planting method results in shallow soil, insufficient soil storage capacity, easy exposure of potato pieces and an increase in abnormal potatoes. At the same time, due to the small ridge distance and large plants, the ridges are silted up, which is not conducive to ventilation, excessive humidity and the formation of field microclimate. It is easy to cause destructive disease-the occurrence and epidemic of potato late blight, resulting in a large number of diseased potatoes and even no yield.
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Preparation of potato chips and extruded potato
1. Potato chips (1) production process potato → sorting → cleaning → slices → color protection → dehydration → vacuum frying → deoiling → cooling → sorting → packaging → finished products. (2) key points of production: ① slices and color protection. Because potato is rich in starch and high in solids, the thickness of potato slices should not exceed 2mm. The sliced potato chips will soon have starch overflow on the surface, and browning will occur if they are placed in the air for too long, so they should be immediately put into 98 ℃ of hot water to treat 2min~3min.
2019-01-16