Planting Technology Lists
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Morphological characteristics of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and suitable seed environment
[morphological characteristics] Glycyrrhiza uralensis is a perennial herb with a height of 30cm and 100cm. Covered with white pubescence and glandular hairs. Aboveground stems erect, lower lignified, branchlets angular, green. Leaves alternate, odd status compound leaves. Leaflets 3-8 pairs, ovoid or ovate-elliptic, entire, apical leaflet larger. Raceme, axillary, pedicel very short, with an ovate bracteole below base, calyx bell-shaped, green, Corolla butterfly, purple or blue purple flowers. The fruit is a pod, narrowly rectangular, bent into
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Field management of licorice
In the year of direct seeding between seedlings and fixed seedlings, the height of seedlings is about 6 cm, the distance between plants is 10-15 cm, and the distance between plants is kept at 30 cm in the second year. After planting licorice by mid-ploughing, weeding should be done diligently in the first year and the soil should be loosened in time. To loosen the soil from shallow to deep, herbicides can also be used to control weeds. By the second year, when the plant grows up, it is difficult for weeds to grow and can no longer be weeded by intertillage. During sowing or planting, in addition to applying base fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied in early spring and plant ash or compost per mu during the annual growth period.
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Biological characteristics and growth habits of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
1. Biological characteristics (1) Flower size and seed characteristics due to different habitats, licorice naturally formed three ecotypes, namely sand grass, beam grass and beach grass. The flower size of different ecotypes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis is similar, but the difference of seed size is obvious, the order of seed size is beach grass > beam grass > sand grass, and the hard seed rate is beam grass > sand grass > beach grass. Licorice cultivated with seeds generally blossoms and bears fruit after 3 years. (2) Distribution characteristics of root and rhizome of sandy grass
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Seed treatment techniques of artificial planting of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Licorice seed coat is solid, water absorption is poor, the germination rate is only 4-6%, need to be milled or sulfuric acid treatment, break the seed hard state, improve the germination rate and emergence rate. 1. Sulfuric acid treatment. Stir the pure seeds with 20-30 milliliters of 80% sulfuric acid per kilogram. See that the seed coat has uniform marks of sulfuric acid etching, then rinse with clean water and dry for use. The time of seed treatment is related to the temperature and the amount of acid added. In the case of the same amount of acid, the treatment time is short when the air temperature is high, and the treatment time is short when the temperature is low.
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Control of Brown spot of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Brown spot is a half-known fungus infection in fungi, which mainly harms leaves. Its symptom is: the leaf produces round or irregular disease spot, the center of the disease spot is grayish brown, the edge is brown, and there are black mildew on both sides of the disease spot. Control method: spray 1 ∶ 1 ∶ 100-1 ∶ 1 ∶ 160Bordeaux liquid or spray 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder 1500-2000 times.
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High-yield cultivation of licorice
Licorice, also known as sweet grass root, is a medicinal plant of Leguminosae, which is used in medicine with roots and strong stems, which can tonify the spleen and replenish qi, clear away heat and detoxification, moisturize the lungs and relieve cough, and reconcile various medicines. Licorice likes dry climate and is resistant to severe cold. It is suitable for planting in sandy soil with deep soil layer, good drainage, low groundwater level, rich calcium and neutral or slightly alkaline soil. Waterlogged land, land with high groundwater level and acid soil are not suitable for planting. Licorice is usually propagated with strong roots and stems. After harvesting licorice in autumn or spring, put the thick root into medicine and choose the small one.
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Propagation methods and cultivation Management of Glycyrrhiza uralensis
Propagation method: propagate with seeds, rhizomes and ramets. 1. It is suitable to select and prepare land with sandy soil and loose red loam, applying barnyard manure 2500kg, turning 40~50cm deeply in autumn, raking fine and leveling, making high ridge, ridge width 40~50cm, furrow width 30~35cm. 2. Seed propagation due to the hard and thick cortex of licorice seeds, it is not easy to emerge seedlings. If you grind the seeds with the same amount of broken glass and seeds for half an hour before sowing, the germination rate is about 85%, or 3 times the amount of seeds.
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Harvesting and processing of licorice (3)
Licorice propagated by seed in the 4th year and licorice propagated in rhizome in the third year can be harvested before Grain in Beard or after White Dew, but it is better to harvest after White Dew. After picking and digging back, take advantage of the fresh cut to remove the branches, bask in the sun until half-dry, bind them into small bundles according to their thickness, and dry them all. Quality specifications: cylindrical, thick and thin without Reed head, purplish red or grayish brown surface, rough skin, light pine body, yellow-white cross section, powdery, sweet taste, no impurities, moth, mildew. First-class goods, more than 60 cm long, with a diameter of 3 cm under the Reed.
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Harvesting and processing of licorice (2)
The seeds were propagated for 3-4 years, and the rhizomes and ramets were harvested for 2-3 years. It can be dug in late autumn and early winter and before sprouting in spring. The digger in autumn is the best, with high content of glycyrrhizic acid and strong quality. After the licorice is dug out, remove the soil, remove the stem base, branches, fibrous roots, cut into a section of appropriate length, sun to half-dry, into small bundles, and then dry to the whole.
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Harvesting and processing of licorice (1)
The key technical measures for high-yield cultivation are to choose sandy soil with fertile soil, loose texture and good drainage. The seeds were treated before sowing to improve the germination rate, the seedlings were watered to protect the seedlings, and sufficient phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied in early spring every year. Harvesting and processing 1. Licorice harvested with seeds generally grows for 4 years after sowing, while rhizome propagation can be harvested after 3 years. It is better to harvest in autumn every year. When harvesting, dig up the licorice root and rhizome and shake off the soil for processing. 2. The processing method will be dug.
2019-01-16