Planting Technology Lists
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Quality Identification of Tea breeding
A method for evaluating the quality characters of individuals, types or strains in tea breeding. The quality meaning of tea generally refers to the four factors of "color, aroma, taste and shape", which are collectively referred to as appearance endoplasm. The direct identification of quality is to prepare tea and evaluate its quality according to the picking standards and processing techniques of different kinds of tea. Making tea with a small amount of fresh leaves and small machinery is called "small-scale tea method", that is, the early identification of the quality of young tea trees or individual plants. The indirect identification of quality is based on the correlation between bud leaf shape and finished tea quality, which is identified by field observation and instrumental analysis.
2019-01-16 -
Tea breeding techniques
In conventional tea breeding, single plant selection and hybrid breeding are mainly used. More than 90% of the new tea varieties at home and abroad are bred by these two methods. Individual plant breeding is to use natural variation materials, that is, to select a good single plant from the existing tea population, and then expand the number through reproduction, and maintain its excellent characters. Cross breeding is the use of gene recombination and interaction to make it possible for hybrid offspring to have comprehensive parental traits or super-parental types. ① correctly selected parents, ② mastered hybridization technology, and ③ strengthened the management after pollination.
2019-01-16 -
Identification of tea breeding yield
A method for determining the breeding yield of tea plants (individuals, systems, or strains). The direct determination of yield is calculated on the basis of the harvest of tea leaves per unit of soil. ① annual picking calculation method; according to certain picking standards, picking in batches according to plant clumps or plots, and then statistics of the total yield of each season in a year. In red and green tea areas, they are generally picked according to the standard of one bud, two leaves and three leaves; such as black tea area and oolong tea area, they are picked according to the standard of 4-5 leaves. In the later stage of breeding, it is necessary to determine the yield.
2019-01-16 -
Identification of tea breeding materials
The characters of breeding materials were observed, the characteristics of various variation materials were analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages were selected according to the breeding objectives. finally, the methods of breeding new varieties were compared. The content of identification can be divided into three aspects: yield traits, quality traits and resistance. The yield characters of tea plants are mainly reflected in germination density, bud leaf weight, growth rate, growth period, regeneration ability after picking and recovery ability after disaster or trauma, while the quality characters are mainly reflected in the chemical composition, color, hairs,
2019-01-16 -
Drought prevention and drought resistance measures of tea seedlings
The key to whether the newly developed improved tea garden can grow into a garden lies in whether it can safely survive the drought in summer and autumn. The climate of this year is very special, the cool sun is in the sky just after Meiyu, and it has been in high temperature since the first ten days of July. Some districts and counties are at 38 ℃-39 ℃ continuously for 7-8 days, which seriously threatens the growth, development and survival of tea seedlings. Tea seedlings in our city are most likely to die from the sun in July and August, so how to do a good job in drought prevention and drought resistance of seedlings is very important. To "cover", "cover", "irrigate", "give", "
2019-01-16 -
Sexual hybridization of tea plant
A tea breeding method for sexual mating between two tea plants with different genetic characteristics. It can be divided into simple crossing (single crossing for short), backcrossing, compound crossing, multiple crossing, polymeric crossing and natural crossing, etc. The main technical points are as follows: according to the breeding objectives, ① selects good hybrid parents, and those selected as female parents require strong fruiting strength, while those selected as male parents require high pollen germination rate. There was a great difference in seed setting rate between orthogonal and reverse crossing of the same parents. 1-2 days before pollination, budding buds were collected from male parents and used the next day.
2019-01-16 -
Tea sex line breeding
The sexual offspring of tea plant are produced by the combination of male and female cells, and a breeding method of new varieties is developed through selection. A variety bred is called a sexual variety. The method is: 1. Selection of superior individual plant or type: single plant selection or group selection from the original material nursery or production tea garden according to breeding objectives; 2. Seed collection and seedling raising: for the primary selected individual plant or group, the seeds were collected respectively, and the seedlings were raised according to the system, and the seedling characters and variety purity were identified. Family or group comparison trial: compare selected families or groups with controls
2019-01-16 -
Fine varieties of tea
Breeding and popularizing fine tea varieties is a fundamental measure to improve the quality and yield of tea and increase the economic benefits of growing tea. From a large number of production practice and scientific research results, it is proved that the selection of excellent tea varieties plays a role in tea production in many aspects: first, it can increase the yield. Tea yield is determined by comprehensive factors such as the number and weight of buds and leaves per unit area, the growth rate of buds and leaves in the annual growth period, the length of vegetative growth period and so on. Under the same conditions, different varieties have different yield factors, so the yield is different.
2019-01-16 -
Vegetative Storage and Preservation of Tea Plant
The direct preservation of tea plant nutrients in the field requires a lot of land and labor, so the long-term preservation techniques of tea roots, seedlings, seeds and pollen were studied. The preservation of roots is to sterilize the lignified roots before spring germination and store them in plastic bags together with sterilized semi-dry soil or water moss in an environment of 1-5 ℃. After 7 years of preservation, the number of adventitious buds can be up to 70%. The roots could still be regenerated after 6 years storage at 1 ℃. The consumption of carbohydrates in root tissue after preservation at low temperature
2019-01-16 -
Seedling raising technique of short-spike cuttage of tea plant in nutrient bag
The technology of short spike cuttage of tea plant in nutrient bag is a process of directly cutting short spike in nutrition bag and cultivating plants. This method of asexual reproduction can effectively maintain the characteristics of the female parent tea tree, and the characters of the offspring are the same, which is conducive to the cultivation of strong seedlings, transplanting without harming the root system, and effectively improving the survival rate. However, the technical requirements of raising seedlings are high, and the working procedure is relatively complex, which can easily lead to failure if they are not mastered well. Seedlings should pay attention to the following technical points: first, building a shade shed has the function of sun protection, wind protection and frost prevention. It is an important link in the success or failure of raising seedlings in nutrition bags. Shade
2019-01-16