Feeding and management of pregnant sows

The weight gain of    sows in early pregnancy was faster than that in late pregnancy, accounting for most of the weight gain in the whole period, and most of the fat deposition was in this period. This shows that sows are mainly "re-fat" in early pregnancy, and the fetus in this period develops slowly, so a suitable low feeding standard should be adopted. but at this time is the period of fetal tissue and organ formation, so the quality of feed protein and vitamins on fetal development can not be ignored, although the early fetal growth is slow, but the quality of fetal tissue and organ formation is the basis of rapid fetal development in the later stage.

In the third trimester of    (the last month of pregnancy), the fetal development speed is obviously accelerated, the nutrition needs are increased, and the feed intake of sows is reduced by the limitation of abdominal volume, which is easy to cause insufficient nutrition supply, especially the decrease or even deficiency of body fat. However, under the normal feeding conditions, the nutrition absorbed in the early stage is still dominant. Thus it can be seen that in the later stage, it is necessary to reduce the feed volume and improve the quality of mixed concentrate in order to promote fetal development, reduce excessive consumption of rest fat, and accumulate nutrients for postpartum recovery of physical strength and early lactation. At the same time, the development of fetal bone is accelerated in the later stage of pregnancy, which must meet the needs of minerals.

Because    sows are still in the stage of growth and development, they should be reared at a good nutritional level during the whole period.

   (1) according to the characteristics of all kinds of pregnant sows, the stage of feeding mode can be divided into three stages: the first trimester, the second trimester and the third trimester.

Feeding and management of    in the first trimester (from mating to 30 days of pregnancy):

   (1) feeding and management in the first trimester objective: ① protects the implantation of fertilized eggs. ② can maximize the embryo survival rate and obtain high litter size.

   (2) main points of feeding management in the first trimester of pregnancy: feed restriction was adopted immediately after ① breeding to reduce the energy level in the feed of sows and improve the survival rate of embryos. It is recommended that each sow be fed 1.8 × 2.0kg per day. ② reduces the stress response, the breeding sow environment should be quiet, the temperature is moderate, and it is best to feed in a single column, which is beneficial to embryo survival and implantation. ③ should pay attention to estrus after mating, and rematch if there is return to estrus 30-40 days after mating.

   2. Feeding management in the second trimester (31-85 days):

   (1) feeding and management objectives in the second trimester of pregnancy: ① regulates the fat status of sows according to the body condition of sows to ensure that the fat condition of sows is moderate. ② uses better feed to promote mammary gland development and lay the foundation for high milk yield of sows after parturition.

   (2) main points of feeding and management in the second trimester of pregnancy: the daily feeding amount of ① sows is 2. 0-2. 5kg. ② limited feeding.

   adjusts the amount of feeding according to physical condition. The ideal figure is that the backfat thickness of the sow is 18 mm, the tail root can touch the coccyx, the cylinder shape, and the score is 3 points.

   3. Feeding management in the second trimester (86-109 days):

   (1) Management objective of feeding management in the third trimester of pregnancy: ① to obtain large, robust and uniform newborn piglets. ② increased the nutrient accumulation of newborn piglets. ③ promoted the development of lactation organs of social pigs.

   (2) main points of feeding and management in the third trimester of pregnancy: sows were fed incrementally 4 weeks before parturition and 3 weeks before parturition, with a feed amount of 2.5 to 3.0.

Kg / day, sows in late pregnancy should be fed in a single column as far as possible to ensure the normal development of the fetus.