Equip agriculture with "modernization" wings

The wild and long white forest sea has built an ecological barrier for food security; the fertile black land of the Songnen Plain, such as cobwebs, is lush with flood and drought, and the crop fields like green gauze are lush; in the depths of Horqin grassland, organic rice, healthy beans, fine meat and ecological fish bred by large wetlands are sold all over the country.

Jilin's position in China's food security should not be underestimated: over the past decade, grain output has increased year after year, ranking fourth in the country last year, and many indicators such as grain per unit yield, per capita grain share, and commodity rate rank first in the country.

In the joy of a bumper harvest, Jilin is based on its own reality, faces the difficult problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers, constantly tamps the grain production system, improves the industrial system, invigorates the management system, and gathers a powerful force from a major province in traditional agriculture to a strong province in modern agriculture. strive to be the "vanguard" of modern agriculture.

Two-way breakthrough to consolidate the foundation of food security

In 1999, there was a "big backlog" of grain in Northeast China. At that time, Jilin's grain output was only 46.1 billion jin, but last year, the grain output reached 70.6 billion jin, but there was no difficulty in selling grain.

The national corn temporary storage and acquisition policy provides a "backing" guarantee for the major agricultural provinces. "on a hectare of land, the average annual corn yield can reach 27,8,000 jin, with a net income of more than NT $15000. Apart from those who go to work in cities, farmers in the county cultivate about one hectare per capita, and the level of income can ensure the enthusiasm of farmers in farming. " Feng Shanguo, secretary of the Yushu Municipal CPC Committee, the largest grain producing county in the country, calculated a land output account for the reporter. However, compared with the hard work facing the loess, the comparative benefit is not too high.

While stabilizing the grain acreage, Jilin takes grain quality improvement and efficiency as an important work: focus on optimizing the agricultural industrial structure, based on Jilin's resource endowment and industrial foundation, speed up the development of agricultural product processing industry, extend the industrial chain, promote intensive processing, and promote agricultural transformation and upgrading. Since 2000, Jilin has formed nearly 15 million tons of corn deep processing capacity, about 63% of the corn can be digested on the spot, producing more than 200 kinds of starch, alcohol and other products, the benefit is magnified.

Rich and green agricultural, livestock and fish products attract leading enterprises at home and abroad to invest in Jilin agriculture and open up new development space for improving agricultural quality and efficiency. Not long ago, the British United Agricultural Group, a Fortune 500 company in the world, put into production a high-end feed project with an annual output of 300000 tons. Senior high school manager told the reporter: "Agricultural enterprises are clustered in Jilin, mainly because of the predictable development potential."

At present, large domestic leading enterprises such as Hope and Anbang have settled in Jilin, and there are 503 leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization at the provincial level, including 47 at the national level.

It is located in the "golden rice belt" in the world, but due to the scattered brand resources and insufficient marketing, Jilin rice is not well-known in the national market, and has even become the raw material base of "famous rice" in some provinces. Jilin implements the "healthy rice" project, sets up a special fund for promoting rice brands, and cooperates with Taobao strategy to promote online sales. Safe, nutritious and delicious Jilin rice appears more and more in the public eye.

From the leading of the first production to the development of the whole industry chain, the modern agricultural industrial system of Jilin began to change from quantitative expansion to connotation growth. Today, the agricultural product processing industry has become the three pillar industries of Jilin, which attach equal importance to automobile and petrochemical, with an annual sales income of more than 450 billion yuan, accounting for 1/3 of Jilin's total economic output.

The introduction of science and technology into farmland to protect agricultural efficiency

Cao Xuejun, a farmer in Tongyu County, once suffered from "ten years and nine droughts". With less precipitation and large evaporation, Tongyu has an average annual effective precipitation of only 253 mm in the past decade, while the gap in grain production between abundant and scarce years has reached 40%. When drip irrigation under plastic film was used for the first time in 2014, Cao Xuejun's per hectare yield increased by 50%. "getting rid of relying on heaven for a living, it's a good year every year."

Large and medium-sized backbone irrigation and drainage projects, high-efficiency water-saving irrigation projects, small-scale farmland water conservancy projects. Jilin has spared no effort in improving agricultural production conditions, and the effective irrigated area of farmland in the province has increased by 15% to nearly 30 million mu in the past 10 years, basically forming a water conservancy guarantee system that saves water and increases efficiency and adapts to the normalization of drought.

Jilin is soberly aware that the development of modern agriculture must consolidate the production system, which needs scientific and technological innovation, agricultural mechanization and perfect supporting facilities as a support.

Last year, Jilin agricultural production suffered from low temperature damage in spring and drought in summer and autumn. The "integrated" application of selected fine varieties, integrated pest control, and no-tillage agricultural science and technology has increased the dry land of Luwei Agricultural Machinery Farmers' specialized Cooperative in Lishu County by 2000 jin per hectare and "against the trend" in the disaster year.

"the assembly and integration of high-yield and high-efficiency technologies in modern agriculture has greatly reduced the impact of weather, diseases and insect pests on agricultural production, and ensured the good growth of crops." Wang Guiman, deputy director of the Agricultural Bureau of Lishu County, said: if the "integration" of science and technology is fully covered in the next three to five years, calculated on the basis of an increase of 8000 jin per hectare, pear trees will increase grain by more than 2 billion jin.

Black land is a scarce resource in the world. Jilin has invested more than 300 million yuan to start a pilot project for the protection and management of black land, focusing on conservation tillage and the promotion of soil organic matter.

In the sandy, saline-alkaline western part of Jilin Province, 6.2 billion yuan has been invested to start the "River-Lake connection Project" to regulate water resources throughout the region, control flood and drainage, and prevent drought and increase grain production. Ecological water replenishment has gradually reduced the sand and alkali in this area, from white to green, the wetland area has recovered more than 700 square kilometers, and the groundwater table has risen by more than 1 meter on average. Baicheng, which used to be saline-alkali Baihuahua, now has a rice planting area of nearly 2 million mu, and it will reach 3 million mu in the next few years, becoming a new grain growth pole in China.

To co-ordinate and guide agriculture in the same way as industry

After the household contract of land, thousands of miles of fertile fields were divided into small units of "Anak clothing". The decentralized operation of various companies made it impossible for machinery to be carried out, government services were difficult to popularize, grain quality did not adapt to market sales, and output was discounted.

The average cultivated land per household in Jilin is 1.67 hectares, more than twice the national average. It has a good foundation and great prospects for promoting rural land circulation and moderate scale operation in accordance with the law, voluntarily and with compensation. Scattered farmers are organized, decentralized production is intensive, decentralized management cooperation, and the construction of a new agricultural management system is the answer to Jilin's potential to increase grain production.

"in spring ploughing this year, chemical fertilizer is 2370 yuan per ton, which is 700 yuan cheaper than the market price; seed investment is 700 yuan per hectare, 300 yuan cheaper than the market price, and these two items alone will save nearly 300000 yuan." Xie Dalin, manager of Changhe Agricultural Machinery planting Cooperative in Yushu City, manages 3100 mu of arable land. He is very grateful to the government for its support to large-scale operation. He said that the centralized management of land makes them dare to invest in agricultural machinery, new varieties and new technologies can also be applied, and the output is 10% higher than that of planting by household.

In the elm, the land is "broken up into a whole" and the scale operation has brought about revolutionary changes in the mode of operation. Zhang Xue, director of the Yushu Municipal Bureau of Agriculture, said that the local government has taken various forms of land transfer, such as cooperative trusteeship operation, as a starting point for modern agriculture, and has successively guided the establishment of 3200 cooperatives, operating 2.15 million mu of more than 100 mu of land and centralized management of 38.3% of arable land. After continuous planting, the income of unified planting, promotion of improved varieties and technical entry into the field is generally increased by more than 20%. Product standardization is conducive to market sales, the comprehensive production capacity of grain and the ability to resist natural and market risks are stronger, and weak agriculture has taken the fast train of modernization in scale operation.

At present, 24% of the cultivated land in Jilin Province has been transferred to new agricultural operators, such as large grain growers, family farms, farmers' professional cooperatives and so on.

The supporting policy is tilted towards the main body of the new type of agricultural operation. "in 2014, we explored and innovated ways to subsidize the purchase of agricultural machinery, focusing on major grain-producing counties, new agricultural operators and weak links." Li Guoqiang, director of the Jilin Provincial Agricultural Commission, said that the state supports subsidies of 1.3 billion yuan, of which not less than 30% is used for new agricultural operators. In the future, Jilin will further promote the appropriate scale operation of agriculture in an orderly manner and strengthen the management and service of land circulation. At present, the comprehensive mechanization level of crop cultivation and harvest in Jilin has reached 77.8 percent, ranking first in the country.

Another task is well under way in Jilin province: brand building.

In order to sell good products at a good price, in addition to guiding farmers to establish a market concept, the help of the government is essential. Since last year, the Jilin provincial government has set up a "rice fund" to encourage producers to set up rice direct sales stores throughout the country to carry out promotional activities. At present, the number of geographical indication trademarks of agricultural products in Jilin Province has reached 42, and agricultural products have "first name" and "surname", which is conducive to market sales and the construction of modern agriculture.

The development of ginseng and other mountain products in the east, the packaging of miscellaneous grains in the west, and the deep processing and branding of high-quality agricultural products such as corn and rice in central China have brought pollution-free, green and organic food closer and closer to the market, and agricultural efficiency has steadily improved. In the period of great economic downward pressure, the per capita net income of farmers in Jilin has leapt to the 11th in the country.