& quot; longevity food-quot; sweet potato is suitable for growth at what temperature? What cultivation and management techniques can be mastered in order to achieve high yield?

Also known as sweet potato, red potato, sweet potato and sweet potato. Nowadays, China ranks first in the world in terms of sweet potato planting area and total output. At what temperature is sweet potato suitable for growth? What cultivation and management techniques need to be mastered in order to achieve high yield?

I. the efficacy and function of sweet potato

1. Anticancer effect

The most anticancer nutrients in the diet are beta-carotene (vitamin A precursor), vitamin C and folic acid, which help maintain normal folic acid levels, while low folic acid levels increase the risk of cancer. The high content of dietary fiber in sweet potato can promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and prevent constipation and colorectal cancer.

2. Good for the heart

Sweet potatoes are rich in potassium, β-carotene, folic acid, vitamin C and vitamin B6, all of which help prevent cardiovascular disease. Folic acid and vitamin B6 supplementation help reduce blood homocysteine levels, which can damage arteries and are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

3. Prevention of emphysema

Sweet potatoes are rich in vitamin A, and US researchers advise smokers or passive smokers to eat vitamin A-rich foods such as sweet potatoes every day to prevent emphysema.

4. Lose weight

Sweet potatoes are rich in food fiber. After entering the intestines, sweet potatoes can clean up the waste in the intestines and gather toxins and wastes together so that they can be excreted smoothly. Sweet potatoes can also create new cells in the intestine and promote metabolism.

5. Enhance immune function.

Sweet potato contains a lot of mucin, which can prevent liver and kidney connective tissue atrophy, improve body immunity and prevent collagen disease. Sweet potatoes also contain calcium and magnesium, which can prevent osteoporosis.

6. Sweet potato can also inhibit skin aging, maintain skin elasticity and slow down the aging process of the body.

Second, at what temperature is sweet potato suitable for growth?

Sweet potato likes warm and cold, 17-18 ℃ hairy roots are normal, 20 ℃ 3 days, 27-30 ℃ can root in only one day; stems and leaves grow faster when air temperature is 25-28 ℃; soil temperature of 22-24 ℃ is more favorable for root formation.

3. High-yield cultivation and management techniques of sweet potato

1. Cultivate strong seedlings

The high yield performance of sweet potato varieties and the quality of potato seedlings are the internal factors that determine the yield. Virus-free disease-free strong seedlings can pass down excellent genes and make offspring maintain good characters.

The virus-free and robust potato seedlings should be selected as far as possible when planting. Therefore, the yield of sweet potato can be significantly increased by raising potato seedlings, improving the quality of potato seedlings and purifying the characteristics of rejuvenated varieties.

2. Select soil

Sweet potato has less strict requirements on soil, but it likes light loam or sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose soil, good drainage, rich organic matter and good fertility. This kind of soil is loose and breathable, the root shape is slender and neat, the skin color is bright, the taste is good, the drying rate is high, and it is resistant to storage.

But the disadvantage is that the ability of water and fertilizer conservation is poor, and it is easy to drought and lack of fertilizer. It is necessary to increase the field management measures of fertilization and irrigation (drip irrigation, foliar fertilization, etc.) in order to achieve high yield.

3. Planting at the right time

Sweet potato is a temperature-loving crop. The optimum temperature for root formation and root expansion is 24-25 ℃ and 22-24 ℃, respectively. According to the conditions required for the growth of sweet potatoes and the characteristics of the local climate, we should pay close attention to the season and plant before and after "Greater Heat," so that sweet potatoes can make full use of the high temperature and strong light conditions from July to August, so that sweet potatoes can grow stems and leaves in time, branch early, bear potatoes early, and produce more potatoes.

January is the month with the lowest temperature, which is disadvantageous to the growth and development of sweet potato, even freezing injury. Therefore, we must master the appropriate time to plant early, strive for early fruiting, early expansion, and prolong the effective expansion period of sweet potato in order to achieve high yield of sweet potato.

4. Horizontal shallow cutting seedlings

The planting density and methods of sweet potato also have some effects on the yield. Should not be too sparse, should not be too dense, dense, photosynthesis will be affected, the plant will not grow well; too sparse is not only a waste of soil, easy to breed weeds and insect pests, so that the growth of sweet potato is affected.

Generally planting 3800-4000 plants per mu, using the method of high border and fine ridge single row planting and horizontal shallow planting. To form a trapezoidal border with a width of 90 cm (bag pit) and a height of 36 cm, the plant spacing is 17 cm, and the horizontal shallow planting is 2-3 cm, watering the nest and sealing the soil in time. It is recommended to cut seedlings at noon on a sunny day and plant them in the afternoon. Try to pick seedlings on the same day and plant them on the same day to ensure the survival rate.

5. Rational fertilization and water

According to the principle of "light in front, middle attack and replenishment", autumn potato should be applied frequently and thinly, mainly with organic fertilizer and supplemented by chemical fertilizer.