Early spring small arch shed zucchini planted in this way, high yield and high quality!

Zucchini, also known as pumpkin, originated in tropical America, is a temperature-loving vegetable, but also resistant to low temperature, has a strong adaptability to temperature, is one of the main cultivated vegetables in the north of China. Do you know? Early spring small arch shed zucchini planted in this way, high yield and high quality!

Sowing time of zucchini in greenhouse in early spring

When zucchini is cultivated in greenhouse in early spring, the suitable sowing time depends on the temperature at the time of planting, the tolerance of zucchini varieties to low temperature and the heat preservation performance of the greenhouse. The planting period of zucchini must be carried out when the temperature in the interior of the greenhouse is more than 11 ℃ and the temperature at night is higher than 0 ℃. After the safe planting period is determined, the suitable sowing time for local zucchini is 35 days from the planting period. Using cold bed to raise seedlings in the Yangtze River basin, the sowing time of zucchini is generally from late January to early February. If a plastic greenhouse is set up with a small arch shed as a seedling raising facility, the seedling can be raised from December to early January, using an electric hotbed or a brewing hotbed.

II. Preparation of nutritious soil

6 portions of fertile and loose vegetable garden soil were mixed with 4 portions of rotten organic fertilizer, then stacked for more than a month, then screened, and added N, P, K ternary compound fertilizer 5 Mel 10 kg per cubic meter of nutritious soil. Nutritious soil should be disinfected with formaldehyde or carbendazim. Mix well and put it in a plastic nutrition bowl or paper bag.

3. Seed treatment

Before sowing, the seeds are selected with clean water (about 20 ℃ for 30 minutes) to remove the inferior species floating on the water, then soak the seeds in hot water for 10 minutes, cool naturally, continue to soak the seeds for 4 hours, soak the seeds for 4 hours, remove and dry, and then accelerate germination and sow or sow seeds directly.

Fourth, sprouting and sowing

If it needs to be germinated, wrap the treated seeds in a wet towel and place them in a 25-℃ 30-minute environment to promote germination. When accelerating germination, rinse the seeds in warm water once a day, and continue to accelerate germination after controlling the water. Generally, the seeds can be sown after 3 days of 2murmur.When the buds are 0.2Mel 0.4 cm long. Before sowing, you should check the humidity of the nutrition bowl. If it is dry, you can water it properly. Place the germinating seeds flat in the nutrition bowl with a small hole in advance, 1 grain per bowl, do not insert the seed, cover the fine soil 1 / 2 cm after sowing, cover with plastic film, build a small arch shed, close the greenhouse, keep warm and humid.

V. Seedling management

Before seedling emergence after sowing, the temperature in the greenhouse should be kept at 25 ℃ 30 ℃ during the day and 20 ℃ at night. Pay attention to covering the heat preservation with film, grass curtain and other mulch. 3When the seedlings were unearthed after 4 days, the plastic film should be removed and the temperature of the seedling bed should be properly cooled. The temperature of the seedling bed should be controlled at 20 ℃ 25 ℃ during the day and 15 ℃ at night, and ventilated properly. From the first true leaf to 10 days before planting, the temperature increased to 22 ℃ 28 ℃ in daytime and dropped to 8 ℃ 13 mol at night, and the ground temperature was above 15 min. The seedlings were ventilated 10 days before planting and kept 15 ℃ 22 ℃ during the day and 15 ℃ at night.

Generally, the seedlings are not watered before emergence, and when the seedling bed is too dry after emergence, appropriate water can be sprayed on a sunny day. When the first real leaf is unfolded, potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 0.3% Murray 0.5% can be applied outside the root. After spraying, attention should be paid to ventilation to reduce air humidity.

When the seedling age is about 30 days, 5 true leaves, 25 cm in height and 0.5 cm in stem diameter can be transplanted. Zucchini seedlings can also be raised by grafting. The rootstock is Yunnan black-seeded pumpkin or "901". The seeds of rootstocks are sown 3 days earlier than scions, and grafting is carried out by relying on grafting.

VI. Applying basic fertilizer for land preparation

Select loose and fertile plots with different families from the previous crops to build sheds and apply sufficient base fertilizer. Generally, rotten organic fertilizer is applied to 3000MUR 3500 kg per mu. After deep ploughing and soil preparation, 150 kg of bio-organic fertilizer is applied in ditch or 100kg of cake fertilizer is applied. Buckle the shed about 15 days before planting, and increase the soil temperature after closing the shed. 5 days before planting, the soil was prepared, the width of double-row planting border was 1.5 meters, and the width of single-row planting border was 1.0 meters (even ditch).

VII. Colonization

When the temperature in the shed was stable above 12 ℃, the ground temperature of 10 cm was 12 ℃ and stabilized for about a week, and planted on a sunny morning with a cold tail and a warm head. In the Yangtze River basin, the planting period can be in the middle and late February if the greenhouse is set up in the small shed, and the planting period is in the first ten days of March if the middle shed or small arch shed is used. If the soil in the greenhouse is relatively dry, you can open a hole to water before planting, wait for underwater infiltration, gently move the seedlings into the hole, and then fill the soil to make the surface of the nutrition bowl level with the surface of the border. If the soil is suitable for dry and wet, it can be planted by opening holes directly. For double-row planting, the distance between plants is 0.7mur0.8 meters, and that for single-row planting is 0.6mur0.7 meters. Cover the plastic film in time after transplanting, cut a small opening with a blade in the seedling planting place, gently pull out the seedling, and seal the film hole with soil. If a small arch shed is covered, the shed shall be covered with film immediately after planting, and grass curtains shall be covered at night for heat preservation.

VIII. Field management

1. Immediately after temperature management and planting, seal the greenhouse for heat preservation, keep 28 ℃ 30 ℃ during the day and 15 ℃ 20 min at night to prevent the low temperature below 0 ℃. In case of low temperature, cover the straw curtain or use multi-layer film to cover. If there is a small arch shed in the greenhouse, the film of the small arch shed should be opened during the day and strictly covered at night. After the seedlings were slowed down, the temperature was lowered properly, keeping 22 ℃ 25 ℃ during the day and 12 ℃ at night. It was maintained at 25 ℃ 28 ℃ during the day and 15 ℃ at night. When the temperature rises above 30 ℃, it should be ventilated. Take off the skirt for air at noon on a sunny day, and the vents should be from small to large. After late April, the small arch shed in the greenhouse can be removed, and even the skirt edge of the greenhouse can be removed.

2. Zucchini planted with plastic film mulching is used for fertilizer and water management. generally, it is not necessary to pour slow seedling water. If there is no plastic film, slow seedling water should be irrigated once within 3 days after planting. The amount of water should be wet through nutritious soil, not too much. After that, it was watered according to the growth of the plant and the dry humidity of the soil. Furrow irrigation can be used for cultivation with plastic film mulching, but drip irrigation is best combined with topdressing.

Generally in the first batch of melon fruit expansion period of the first topdressing, per mu of compound fertilizer 15 Mu 20 kg. After the first batch of melons were harvested and the second to the third batch of melons were harvested, the second topdressing was applied with compound fertilizer 8 / mu (10 kg / mu) or urea / 6 / mu (7 kg / mu). Fertilizer can be topdressing according to plant growth in the future.

3. The cultivation of flower and fruit zucchini in greenhouse in early spring must be treated with artificial pollination or plant growth regulators. Artificial pollination should be done at 8: 00 am every morning to pick the newly opened male flowers, remove the petals, and gently apply the stamen pollen to the stigma of the female flowers. If treated with plant growth regulators, zucchini can be sprayed on the leaves of the whole plant when the female flowers bloom.

4. Other management shall remove diseased leaves, old leaves, lateral branches and tendrils in time. For those who do not cover plastic film, ploughing and loosening the soil in time after slow seedling, watering slow seedling water and then continuously ploughing for 2 times, and then squatting seedlings after mid-ploughing, that is, properly control moisture.

IX. Harvest

Zucchini should be harvested tender melons, generally Xiehua 10 murmur12 days can be harvested melons, root melons should be harvested as soon as possible, to tender melons in response to the market, into the peak period, can be appropriate late harvest. The most suitable harvest time is after the dew dries in the morning, and the harvest around noon should be avoided.