What is the origin of almonds? What are the planting conditions?

Almond is a kind of nut with high nutritional value, which is rich in protein and fat. Almonds can be divided into sweet almonds and bitter almonds, we generally eat sweet almonds, because bitter almonds contain a certain degree of toxicity. Where are the almonds from? What are the planting conditions?

What is the origin of almonds?

There are many almonds from which almonds are cultivated all over the country except Guangdong, Hainan and other tropical regions.

Almonds are mainly distributed in Hebei, Liaoning, Northeast, North China and Gansu. Mountain apricot is born in dry Xiangyang, hills and grasslands at an altitude of 700-2000m. Northeast apricot grows under an open sunny hillside shrub or miscellaneous forest at an altitude of 400-1000m. Wild apricot is mainly produced in northern China, cultivated or wild, especially wild in Hebei, Shanxi and other places, Shandong, Jiangsu and other places also produce. Apricots are distributed in the wild in Yili, Xinjiang.

What are the planting conditions of almonds?

1. Soil requirements

Almonds have strong adaptability to soil and can grow on gravel slopes and desert areas, but as a fruit tree cultivation, sandy loam with deep soil layer and good ventilation should be selected. If the soil layer is too shallow, the trees are easy to senescence, at least 1.5 meters, up to 2. 5 percent. 7-3.5 meters, even better. Almonds can tolerate slightly alkaline soil and grow well with pH7~8. According to the multi-site experiments in Liaoning, Jilin and Inner Mongolia, the soil requirements of excellent varieties of almonds are not strict and their adaptability is strong. Planting in semi-arid areas can still achieve high and stable yield without irrigation.

2. Temperature condition

Almond can endure short-term low temperature in winter, generally up to-22 ℃-33 ℃, but as a fruit tree, because of its early flowering, it can survive the winter safely in northwest China and China, but it is frozen at flowering stage and often has no harvest. Almond buds can withstand the low temperature of-4.4 ℃ at the beginning of blooming, while the flowers in full bloom can only resist-2.4 ℃. It withered at 1: 0.6 ℃. The cold resistance is strong. In the early spring of 2000, the Winter Solstice, Hebei Province encountered the rare low temperature and cold injury in 50 years. Other fruit trees suffered serious freezing damage, while the excellent almond lines grew normally.

3. Conventional seedling raising

It takes 2 years to raise seedlings in the north of China. Siberian apricot (about 1 300 per kilogram), mountain apricot (about 1 100 per kilogram), rootstock, peach, apricot, plum and wild almond are used for rootstock seeds. The rootstock with hard shell and bitter taste has high survival rate, good healing, high yield and long life. Peach rootstock has the advantages of fast growth, high survival rate and short life span. The plum anvil is resistant to wet soil and groundwater, but not to drought. Apricot rootstock has poor healing, low drought resistance and easy to break. In wet, clayey soil, almond is prone to root nodule disease, while peach rootstock rarely spreads the disease. If there is no live connection, it can be patched at this time, and the patching method is generally split or spliced. Since then, it is necessary to erase the sprouts of the rootstock itself many times, retain only the upright growth of the central buds, and strengthen field management.