Cultivation techniques of Ya-shaped Peach Tree

Peach is a common fruit in our country, which is planted almost everywhere, and some of them are specially planted to make money. What are the cultivation techniques of zigzag peach trees?

1. Land selection and preparation

Prepare a piece of fertile land, apply sufficient basic fertilizer deeply, then dig a ditch with wide 60cm and deep 50cm according to the row spacing, and then dig a cave in the field with 40cm in length, width and height. Among them, the ditch can be covered with a layer of 15cm thick straw, and sprinkle about 5000 kilograms of urea per mu, watering a small amount of water.

2. Seed selection

According to the local climate and soil conditions, suitable seedlings can be selected, such as Emperor 1, Zaomei, Yangtun Jutao, Zaofengwang, Jinpan 1, NJ76 and other early, middle and late maturing varieties, all of which can be cultivated in Y tree.

3. Colonization

(1) planting time: early March.

(2) planting method: sprinkle an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer into the pit and mix it well with the soil, then straighten out the seedling roots and plant them straight into the pit. Before planting, the seedlings should be soaked in clean water for 12 hours to promote germination.

4. Post-planting management technology

(1) shaping and pruning: after successful planting, cut short and dry at 50 cm from the ground, with 1-2 buds under the cut. Then sprout under the interface of removing seedlings in the middle of May. In the first ten days of June, the top branches were removed and the two main branches in the east and west were retained. When the rest of the branches were 20 cm long, they were taken out of the heart and left as auxiliary branches, which were cultivated into fruiting branches and used for their early fruit. In late June, the secondary shoots of the main branches were coring to promote the growth of branches and increase the number of branches. In the first ten days of August, pull the main branch at an angle of 45 degrees and adjust the main branch to the east-west orientation. In March of the following year, the upper and lower dorsal branches of the main branches were thinned, and the oblique fruiting branches were selected at a spacing of 10-15 cm. 14 permanent auxiliary branches were retained in the north-south direction of the trunk, and all the other auxiliary branches were removed, and the Y-tree shape was basically formed after two years of pruning.

(2) Fertilizer and water management: topdressing fertilizer can be applied 4 times in the year of planting, which is about 50g urea per plant in late May, 100g urea per plant in early July, 20g biological potassium fertilizer per plant in mid-August, and 15kg human feces and urine per plant before defoliation. In the first ten days of May of the following year, 100 grams of urea was applied per plant, and 30 kg of barnyard manure was applied to each plant after defoliation.

(3) Flower and fruit thinning: when peach trees appear flower buds, some flower buds can be thinned properly, and the distance between flower buds is about 5 cm. Fruit thinning began half a month after flowering, with 3-4 fruits in long fruit branches, 2-3 fruits in middle fruit branches and 1 fruit in short fruit branches. The double fruit, deformed fruit, disease and insect fruit and small fruit were all removed to improve the fruit setting rate.

(4) Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests: during the growth of peach trees, peach bacterial perforation disease, peach leaf shrinking disease, peach aphid, peach borer, peach leaf moth and other diseases and insect pests should be controlled.