Using the technique of mixed culture of snails and earthworms

The mixed culture of snails and earthworms with three-dimensional frame and multi-level plane net can achieve the goals of low energy consumption, small space, simple management, rapid and high yield.

First, breed selection snails can generally choose white jade snails, but it is best to use cold-resistant French bright snails to facilitate simultaneous growth and reproduction with earthworms throughout the four seasons. Earthworms should choose the species with rapid growth, strong reproductive ability, wide adaptability, long life span and easy domestication and management. at present, the most ideal varieties are Beixing No.2 and Daping No.2.

Second, the way of breeding can be cultivated in idle houses or plastic greenhouses. Snails are cultured in a multi-level three-dimensional framework, and earthworms are cultured in boxes. The three-dimensional multi-level frame is 3 meters long, 1.2 meters wide and 3 meters high. there are 11 beds from top to bottom, each layer is 20 centimeters apart, and the lowest layer is 60 centimeters from the ground. Each layer is fixed into a bracket net bed with nylon mesh. The mesh of the uppermost 1-2 layer mesh bed is more than 1 mesh, so that the spawning snail can not pass through the mesh, while the middle and young snails can fall from the mesh. The mesh of layer 3 ~ 4 is 2 mesh, the mesh of layer 5 ~ 6 is 3 mesh, the mesh of layer 7 ~ 8 is 4 mesh, the mesh of layer 9 ~ 10 is 6 mesh, and the bottom layer mesh is 8 mesh. A hatching bed with a width of 30 centimeters and a height of 25 centimeters is made on one side of the uppermost net bed, and a hatching matrix about 20 centimeters thick is placed in the hatching bed. The substrate is made of sawdust, rice straw (cut into 2 cm long) and vegetable garden soil mixed at 1:1:1. Apply lime paste around each bedstead to prevent snails from climbing out of the net bed.

The bottom of the three-dimensional frame is surrounded by a 30 cm high box, and 10 cm thick vegetable garden soil is loaded at the bottom of the box, then mature cow dung or pig manure rice straw fermentation material is added, and 20% fermented sawdust is added as bait for earthworms. The water content of the bait is kept above 60%.

Third, when the temperature of planting and breeding is above 15 ℃, it can be put into breeding. The top layer of the shelf layer is the snail layer, which can be put into distant parental snails at a density of 200 snails per square meter. Earthworms can be planted at a rate of 2.5kg (about 5000) per square meter.

Snails eat a wide range of vegetables, aquatic plants, crop stems and leaves and even the leaves of broad-leaved trees can be used for feeding. On the other hand, earthworms have more miscellaneous eating habits, and almost all plant residues, corrosive substances, rotten animals and domestic waste are its food. When feeding, wash the green material and put it directly into the 1-2 layer mesh bed. In this way, the remaining small fragments of the snail will fall into the lower layers of the net bed to become bait for middle and young snails, while the feces and food residues produced by the snails in each layer of the net bed will fall into the earthworm bed and become the food of earthworms. It is estimated that 5 kilograms of snails (about 100 snails) discharge about 0.3 kilograms of feces every day, plus snail food residue, can be used for more than 0.5 kilograms of earthworms. When the snail falls down from the young snail and distributes in each layer of the net bed, the feces and food residue of the snail will basically be enough for the earthworms in the earthworm bed to eat. In this way, not only the tedious work of feeding and cleaning feces is reduced, but also the utilization rate of feed is greatly improved.

Fourth, the key points of management should be reasonably regulated in the aspect of environment and ecology, and there is almost no threat of disease in snails and earthworms.

1. The temperature should be kept above 20 ℃. If the temperature reaches 30 ℃, cooling measures should be taken. If the temperature is below 15 ℃, it should be warmed up.

two。 Light snails and earthworms are shade-loving animals and have the habit of going out at night. Pay attention to the amount of light when breeding, and it is appropriate to match the illuminance of 3 watt bulbs every 10 square meters in the darkroom.

3. Humidity snails and earthworms both like humid environments. Indoor air humidity should be kept at 60% to 70%. The humidity of the snail hatching substrate should be kept at 30%-40%, while the humidity of earthworm bait should be kept at 60%-66%. The snail bait should be soaked and fed.

4. Air snails and earthworms are cultured in high density, which will produce a lot of harmful gases. Therefore, we should pay attention to regular ventilation and maintain sufficient oxygen. At the same time, earthworms in the process of life, will continue to discharge feces on the surface of the bait, so it is necessary to often clean up earthworm feces to facilitate ventilation.

5. Grading and harvesting

The graded snails have the habit of eating big and small, so large, medium and small snails with different ages cannot be mixed. Different mesh beds are adopted for breeding, so that snails of different sizes can be screened and graded automatically, that is, snails of different sizes will shrink their heads and fall to the lower layer when they are frightened (such as strong light, vibration). When each class of snails grows to the age of one superior, manual selection is needed. At the same time, all the adult snails above can be harvested.

The harvest of earthworms when the body weight of most of the earthworms in the bed has reached 400 to 500 milligrams, at this time, the density has reached 15,000 to 20,000 per square meter, most of the adult worms can be collected.