Management of Laying Period of Laying Hens

The first laying cycle of egg breeds is about one year, and the whole process can be divided into three stages: the early laying stage, the peak period and the late laying stage. The coordinate curve drawn according to the weekly average laying rate during the laying period (ordinate indicating the laying rate and Abscissa indicating the week's age) is called the laying rate curve.

Pre-laying period: the pre-laying period refers to the beginning of egg production to the time when the laying rate reaches 80%, usually from the beginning of 21 weeks to the end of 28 weeks. The first laying age and egg laying peak of a few breeds were moved forward to 19-23 weeks old. This period is characterized by a rapid increase in the laying rate, rising at a rate of 20% per week and 30% per week. The weight and egg weight of chickens are also increasing. The average body weight can still increase by 30-40g per week, and the egg weight can increase by about 1.2g per week.

Peak laying period: when the laying rate of chickens rises to 80%, it enters the peak period of human egg production. When 80% of the laying rate reaches its peak, the laying rate still rises rapidly, usually rising to 92% in 3-4 weeks. More than 90% of the laying rate can generally be maintained for 10-20 weeks, and then slowly decline. When the laying rate falls below 80%, the egg laying peak is over. The peak period of modern egg varieties can usually last about 6 months. At 72 weeks, the laying rate remained at about 65%.

Late laying period: from the weekly average laying rate of less than 80% to the elimination of chickens, called the late laying stage, usually at the age of 60-72 weeks. The decrease of weekly average laying rate in the later stage of egg production was larger than that in the peak period.

Feeding and management measures

1. Change groups at the right time, inoculate and deworming on time. The work of laying hens should be completed before the age of 18 weeks, so that the laying hens can be familiar with the environment as soon as possible. If it is too late, it is easy to stop the production of some chickens that have already opened, or cause yolk peritonitis by falling yolk into the abdominal cavity. Newcastle disease oil vaccine plus live vaccine, egg drop syndrome inactivated vaccine and other vaccines should be vaccinated before or at the same time. After entering the cage, it is best to carry out a thorough deworming work, and spraying drugs can be used for body surface parasites such as mites, lice and so on. You can take albendazole 20mg / kg body weight internally for parasites, or take alfampicin (Chongnexing) in the mix. A variety of vitamins and antibiotics should be added to the diet before and after group conversion and inoculation to reduce stress reaction.

two。 Change the egg laying ingredients at the right time. In order to adapt to the weight increase of laying hens, the growth of reproductive system and the demand for calcium, laying hens can be fed with feed from 18 weeks of age and peak laying period from 20 weeks of age. At the same time, double the amount of multivitamins in the material. During this period, the method of restricted feeding should be abolished and chickens should be allowed to eat freely. Make sure there is always material in the slot during the lighting period.

3. Increase the lighting time. The natural light method is often used in the breeding period of chickens raised by specialized households in rural areas. At the age of 18 weeks, if the weight of the chicken population reaches the standard, the light can be increased by 30 minutes every two weeks until the peak of the laying rate reaches 15 or 16 hours per day. If the flock is light in weight and slow in development, it can be delayed to 20 weeks old to increase the light time while increasing the feed. The principle of illumination during egg laying is that the time cannot be shortened and the intensity cannot be weakened.

4. Create a comfortable environment for chickens. The most suitable temperature for laying hens is 13 ℃ ~ 23 ℃. It is best to keep it above 10 ℃ in winter and below 30 ℃ in summer. It is necessary to maintain indoor ventilation, prevent all kinds of noise, and maintain the stability of the environment and feeding, drinking water and light.

5. Do a good job in the prevention and control of epidemic diseases. The main results are as follows: (1) after the layers were caged, antibiotics such as norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin were added to the feed or drinking water for one week every 4 to 5 weeks to prevent colibacillosis, salmonellosis and enteritis. (2) add multiple vitamins to the feed regularly to meet the laying needs of chickens, reduce various stress reactions, and improve resistance to various diseases. (3) strengthen hygiene management, implement reasonable immunization procedures, and adhere to the system of chicken disinfection and environmental disinfection to prevent the introduction of epidemic diseases. Pay close attention to whether the increase in the laying rate is up to the standard, and pay close attention to any minor effects of the external environment on the chicken flock.