How to grow Astragalus seeds

When it comes to Astragalus membranaceus, I think everyone is still very familiar with it. Astragalus membranaceus is a common and commonly used traditional Chinese medicine. We all know that the culture of traditional Chinese medicine has hundreds of cultures and histories in our country. Therefore, the cultivation of traditional Chinese medicine in our country is still very common.

How to grow Astragalus seeds

1, select seeds should choose more than 3 years old varieties pure, no diseases and insect pests, strong growth of excellent single plant as the mother plant. In autumn fruit pod droop and yellow ripe, seed brown immediately harvest, with ripe with harvest. The fruit pods are threshed, dried and stored after being picked back. The seeds with full particles and brown luster are selected for production by water selection and winnowing before sowing.

2. Seed treatment Astragalus membranaceus seeds are hard, so seed treatment must be carried out before sowing to break the impermeability of seeds and improve the germination rate. There are three seed treatment methods:

1. Soaking seeds by changing water temperature. A few days before sowing, soak in warm water at 40 DEG C during the day, change cold water at night, continuously treat for 3 days and nights, put into earthen jar after taking out, cover with wet cloth and put in warm place to germinate, germinate in 3-4 days, and sow. The seeds can also be placed in boiling water for rapid stirring for 1 minute, immediately poured into cold water, cooled to 40 ° C, soaked for 2 hours, poured out the water, covered with wet sacks for 12 hours, and sown when the seeds swell or the skin breaks.

Mechanical damage. Mix 1 part fine river sand with 2 parts seeds evenly, put them on medium-sized rollers, spread 3-4 cm thick, and grind until the seed coat is burred. After grinding, sift the seeds, soak them in warm water at 20℃ for 1 day, stack them in warm places, germinate in about 5 days, and sow them. Be careful not to overgrind the seeds.

③ Sulfuric acid treatment. For old and hard seeds, 70-80% sulfuric acid solution can be soaked for 3-5 minutes, and then quickly washed in running water for half an hour, or washed with water for many times to remove residual sulfuric acid on the seeds. After drying, the seeds can be sown, and the germination rate can reach more than 90%.

3. Seeding should be carried out with moisture, and if the moisture content is not good, water should be poured.

Astragalus can be sown in spring, summer and autumn. Spring sowing is carried out before and after "Qingming", no later than "Grain Rain", summer sowing is carried out from June to July, and autumn sowing is generally carried out before and after "White Dew". Different climate conditions in different places have different sowing time, should be flexible to master. If the temperature in the south is high, autumn sowing should be sown in September and seedling emergence before winter; the temperature in the north is low, the seedling resistance is poor, and it is vulnerable to freezing injury. Autumn sowing should be sown before winter and seedling emergence in the following spring. In wind-blown arid areas, it is difficult to preserve seedlings in spring and autumn, and it is easy to cause pests to harm when sowing in spring. Sowing in June and July in summer will result in neat seedlings and healthy seedlings.

There are two sowing methods of Astragalus membranaceus: direct seeding and seedling transplanting

Direct seeding field management is convenient, the current production is more used, but the amount of seed used is large, the growth is not neat, affecting the quality of goods and mining. Generally, it is used for hole sowing or drill sowing, and can also be broadcast. For hole sowing, shallow holes shall be opened on the ridge surface of good planting field according to the row spacing of 33×27 (cm2), 4-5 seeds shall be sown in each hole, the soil covering thickness shall be 2 cm, and the seed quantity per mu shall be 1-1.5 kg; for drilling sowing, horizontal grooves shall be opened on the ridge surface according to the row spacing of 45 cm, and the groove depth shall be 3 cm. When sowing, the seeds shall be mixed with plant ash and human excrement, and then evenly scattered into the grooves. After sowing, the seeds shall be covered with fine soil of 1-2 cm, slightly compacted, and the seed quantity per mu shall be about 2 kg.

Seedling transplanting can save land, after transplanting, the plant grows healthy, the rhizome grows neatly, it is easy to harvest, and the commodity quality is good, the yield is high, and the application in production is gradually increasing in recent years. According to the row spacing of 20- 25cm, a transverse ditch is opened on the surface of the seedling field, the ditch depth is 3cm, and the sowing width is 10cm. After the seeds are mixed with plant ash, they are evenly sown into the ditch, the soil thickness is 2cm, slightly suppressed, watered thoroughly, and the grass is covered on the ridge for heat preservation and moisture preservation. The amount of seed used per mu is 10-15 kg. Spring seedlings, it is best to use a small arched shed covered seedlings, in order to increase temperature and moisture preservation, low temperature can be covered with straw curtain insulation. In summer, in order to prevent sunlight and keep the seedling bed humidity after seedling emergence, it is necessary to erect a shed curtain or use a black net for shade, and the shade degree is about 50%. Cloudy days and at night need to remove the shade curtain, so that seedlings receive dew.

After the seedlings are unearthed, field management should be strengthened, weeds should be removed in time, and overdense and thin seedlings should be pulled out in due time. When the seedlings grow to 13-15 cm and the roots grow to 15 cm, they can be transplanted. Transplanting should be carried out in cloudy or sunny afternoon and evening, and the survival rate of transplanting after rain is higher. First of all, the seedlings are separated, and then holes are opened according to the row spacing of 20-24 cm and the plant spacing of 1 - 2 cm, and 1-2 seedlings are planted in each hole. After transplanting or planting seedlings, irrigation or water spraying should be carried out immediately to facilitate survival. Generally, about 20,000 seedlings are planted per mu.

Field management of Astragalus membranaceus

Astragalus membranaceus high 6-8 cm when thinning seedlings, not crowded can, after the seedlings to water topdressing, mu with urea 10-15 kg, seedling pay attention to intertillage weeding, rainy season humidity is too large, pay attention to drainage.

1. Thinning and replanting: When the seedlings are 5-7 cm high, the first thinning is carried out. After 2-3 times of thinning, one strong seedling is left every 8-10 cm. In case of lack of trees, the seedlings should be replanted with soil, and the germinated seeds can also be replanted.

2. Topdressing: in the first and second years of growth, fertilizer is applied once a year in combination with intertillage and weeding. 1000kg of decomposed human and livestock manure or 7- 8kg of three-element compound fertilizer (15% of N, P and K respectively) are applied per mu. After the first year of winter, 2000kg of manure, 10kg of three-element compound fertilizer (15% of N, P and K respectively) and 150kg of cake fertilizer are applied per mu. After mixing well, they are applied in furrows. After application, soil is cultivated for freezing prevention.

3, topping: topping in order to control plant height growth, reduce nutrient consumption, topping before the end of July, can increase production.

4, intertillage weeding: Astragalus seedlings grow slowly, do not pay attention to weeding easy to cause grass shortage, therefore, in the seedling height of about 5 cm, to combine the thinning of seedlings timely intertillage weeding, the second time seedling height 8-9 cm, the third time after the seedling is fixed for intertillage weeding once, the second year after May, June, September weeding once.

The increasing skill of Astragalus membranaceus

1. Measures for increasing income: apply more organic fertilizer as base fertilizer before planting, plough deeply and rake fine, and the yield will increase obviously.

2, Astragalus direct seeding or seedling according to the field operation, should not be later than the middle and late July, in the dry area rainy season planting best, the second year harvest in late autumn, the benefit is very good.

3. How to sprout quickly: Summer sowing will soak the seeds in cold water for 30 hours, change the water once in the middle, keep them moist after fishing out, and the soil should have humidity when planting, and sprout quickly.

Astragalus membranaceus is still common in China, because Astragalus membranaceus has a high market share in China's traditional Chinese medicine market. Astragalus membranaceus is a common Chinese medicinal material. The reason why Chinese medicine can last from ancient times to this day naturally has its unique advantages.