Understanding and control of lotus root rot disease

Lotus root, belonging to the family Nymphaeaceae, is the rhizome of lotus. Hypertrophic, jointed, with some tubular holes in the middle, which are connected by silk after being broken. Lotus root is slightly sweet and crisp, can be eaten raw or cooked, and its medicinal value is quite high. Its roots, leaves, flowers and fruits are all treasures and can be nourished and used as medicine. The powder made from lotus root can relieve diarrhea, appetizer, clear heat, nourish and prevent internal bleeding. it is a good liquid food and nourishing Jiazhen for women, children, women, weak and sick people. During the reign of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty, it was appointed as a tribute to imperial meals. Lotus root originated in India and was later introduced into China.

The underground stem of lotus is called lotus root, Nymphaeaceae plants, aquatic vegetables, the shape of hypertrophy, there are tubular holes, divided into safflower lotus root, white lotus root, sesame lotus root. Safflower lotus root is thin and long, the skin is brown and yellow, rough, less moisture, not brittle and tender; white lotus root is fat, delicate and smooth, silvery white, meat crisp, juicy, sweet; twist lotus root pink, rough appearance, contains more starch.

Lotus root has a high content of vitamin C (40-50 mg per 100 grams), as well as polyphenols and peroxidase, which can clean up the "garbage" in the human body. Lotus root is rich in high-quality protein (about 2%), whose amino acid composition is close to human needs and has high biological value. In addition, lotus root is also rich in dietary fiber (about 2%) and high in calcium and phosphorus (89 mg of calcium and 285 mg of phosphorus).

The lotus root has a high content of iron, and regular eating can prevent iron deficiency anemia. Rich in vitamin C and dietary fiber, it is beneficial to liver disease, constipation, diabetes and other debilitating diseases. The tannic acid has the effect of vasoconstriction and hemostasis, and is very suitable for congestion, hematemesis, hemoptysis, urine, hematochezia, parturients and hemophiliacs. It can relieve heat and heat, and it is a good food for dispelling heat.

Understanding and control of lotus root rot disease

Lotus root rot disease, also known as Fusarium wilt and rot disease, is one of the most common and serious diseases in lotus root planting areas. The disease mainly harmed underground stems and roots, and caused aboveground yellow leaves, which withered in severe cases. The disease was serious under the condition of 23-30 ℃ high temperature and continuous overcast and rain. There were no obvious symptoms in the early stage of lotus root. In the later stage, the diseased stem, lotus whip and root showed brown to purple disease spot, the diseased stem shrunk longitudinally, the transport tissue of lotus whip also turned brown, and the lotus root necrotic. The leaves of the diseased lotus root became pale, the first leaf edge appeared green and withered, then expanded inward, and finally the whole leaf curled and scorched. The disease is serious, the whole field is withered and yellow, like a fire. Dig out the lotus root, the lotus root node can see pink sticky matter (conidia of bacteria).

Prevention and treatment of lotus root rot disease:

1. Select excellent varieties. The disease-free lotus root was selected and the stubble was rotated at an interval of 2-3 years. Before transplanting, 100 kg lime per mu was applied for soil treatment.

2. Seedling treatment. Spray lotus root with 800-fold liquid of 50% carbendazim or methyl thiophanate wettable powder and stew the seeds with thin film for 24 hours.

3. Strengthen the field management. To achieve the application of mature organic fertilizer, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, according to the growth period of water demand management, the initial stage of the disease should be timely pull out the diseased plant.

4. Stem and leaf treatment. Spray with 700 times of 12% green milk copper or 600 times of carbendazim or 700 times of thiophanate methyl, at the same time, use 50% carbendazim plus 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, mix 30 kg of fine soil according to 500 grams per mu, and stew for 3 hours. Apply in the shallow water layer in the field. The two methods can be carried out at the same time, once every 7 days, prevention and treatment for 2 or 3 times.