High-yield cultivation techniques of cantaloupe how to top and pick the heart of muskmelon

Cantaloupe is a kind of summer fruit, its taste is very good, so every year when it is ripe, it will attract a lot of people to buy it. Now there are many people who grow cantaloupe, but if you want to achieve high yield of cantaloupe, you also need some skills when planting. And doing a good job of cantaloupe topping and heart-picking is also an inevitable condition to ensure a good result.

High-yield cultivation techniques of muskmelon

1. Select varieties with high yield and disease resistance. There are many varieties of cantaloupe, but at present, the main varieties suitable for promotion in various parts of our province are: American zucchini, Zaoqing zucchini, crispy Yu No. 1, Jingdian Jasper, Black Xiuli and other high-yield and disease-resistant varieties, which can be selected by farmers according to their actual needs.

2. Seedling and sowing: if you carry out fine cultivation, you can choose a nutrition bowl or bag to raise seedlings. The standard of nutrient soil is 1000 kg. Mix it with fine manure 300 Mel 400 kg and carbendazim 2. 5 kg (you can also choose metalaxyl 200m 500g or Batan 100m 200g or Tetrymec 100m 200g) 30 kg of common calcium, 30 kg of compound fertilizer, 30 kg of compound fertilizer, mixed well with appropriate amount of water (40% of soil water content), heap and cover 5 Mel for 7 days. Then sow seeds in bags (bowls) and sow one seed in each bag (bowls). Those who carry out direct seeding should apply adequate base fertilizer, applying rotten farm manure 3000 kg per mu, common calcium 40mur50 kg, and compound fertilizer 30 Mu 50 kg. Deep application in the shape of a ditch or deep application in a pond. Then covered with soil and sown, each pond sowed 3 sterilized and germinated seeds.

3. Reasonable close planting. The planting density of cantaloupe varies with variety. In general, the row spacing of dwarf type is 0.60 mi 0.80 m, the plant spacing is 0.50 m, and the suitable planting distance is 1600 mi 2200 tang, 4000rel 4500 plants per mu, while the row spacing of vine type is 1.50 mi 2.00 m, and the plant spacing is 0.50 m. It is suitable to plant 700mu 800 tang and 1400 Mu plants per mu. Therefore, the majority of farmers in the selection and purchase of varieties, must understand that the variety is short vine type or long vine type. The cantaloupe of nest type (short vine) is sparse, can not get high yield, long vine type (string everywhere) is dense, the population is large, the ventilation and light transmission is not good, it is not resistant to disease, it does not bear melon, and the yield is very low. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the variety and determine its planting density according to the variety.

How to top and pick the heart of cantaloupe?

1. The main vine of cantaloupe seldom blossoms female flowers, and most of them produce female flowers in 1-2 nodes. Therefore, timely topping and heart-picking is the key to the cultivation of muskmelon. After the cantaloupe is planted, when the main vine has 4-5 leaves, hit the top and pick the heart in time. After the occurrence of the vine, leave 2-3 strong vines and cut off other weak vines.

2. When the vines to be selected have 5-6 leaves, pick the heart again, leave 3 vines on the vines, and cut off the other weak vines. Sun Meng sat on the melon, left 2 leaves from the melon to pick the heart, and paid attention to the removal of the deformed melon. Distribute the son vine and grandson vine evenly, and press the clods on the vine. Cut off the old and diseased leaves and take them out of the field.

How to fertilize cantaloupe

The main results are as follows: 1. The melon fields cultivated with plastic film mulching generally do not apply organic fertilizer, but if the base fertilizer is insufficient, some cake fertilizer or chemical fertilizer can be applied. Topdressing must be carried out before the female flowers bloom, between the two melon seedlings, 20 cm below the edge of the ditch, 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, 5 kg of urea and 150 kg of oil residue per mu.

2. After the first fruit harvest, the second topdressing can be carried out, and the extra-root topdressing can be mixed with 200g potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 300g urea to form 2/1000 and 3/1000 solution respectively. Fulvic acid 30-50 grams, mixed into 3/10000 to 5/10000 solutions. ③ spray 5ml plus 50kg of water. The above solutions were sprayed evenly on the leaves in the early morning and evening.

Common diseases of cantaloupe and their control

1. Epidemic disease. Disinfect the seeds before sowing, soak the seeds in 55 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes, sterilize the nutritious soil, mix well with 50% carbendazim per cubic meter of nutritious soil, apply medicine at the initial stage of the disease, spray 500 times with 64% poison alum, 72.2% Plique 800 times or 58% Redomil (Ruidoumei manganese zinc) 500 times, and spray again every 7-10 days.

2. Vine blight. Avoid watering on cloudy days, try to stay sunny after watering, in case of continuous overcast and rain after watering, pay attention to short-term dehumidification at noon, use 600 times 75% chlorothalonil at the initial stage of the disease, or 800 times spray 70% methyl topiramate + 80% Dasheng (or Yuesheng). Remove the disease and debris in time after harvest and reduce the source of bacteria.

In fact, the high-yield cultivation techniques of cantaloupe are not difficult, first of all, good seeds should be selected to accelerate germination, and then timely planting. After planting, the management work should be done in place, topping, topdressing, prevention and control of diseases and insect pests are all very critical, only by doing a good job, can we ensure its good growth.