Methods of plastic pruning

No matter the saplings or bouquets, after growing to a certain extent, they should be trimmed to improve their appreciation and growth. What are the methods of shaping and pruning?

1. Sparse deletion

It means to cut off a branch from the base.

Thinning and deletion can remove disease and insect branches, dry and withered branches, useless overgrown branches, overdense cross branches and branches in contradiction with municipal facilities, etc. Thinning and deletion can improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions, improve the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves, increase the accumulation of nutrients, and be beneficial to growth and flower bud differentiation. Thinning and deletion can weaken the growth potential of the whole tree, and the growth potential of branches above the wound is relatively weakened, but the growth potential of branches below the wound is relatively enhanced, which is the so-called "inhibition and promotion" effect.

The thinning of big branches should be carried out gradually over a period of years, otherwise there will be too many wounds and weaken the tree. Branch thinning should grasp the principle of cutting off from the base, leaving no pile and keeping the wound surface as small as possible.

Short pruning of hedges and spherical trees in the garden will result in dense branches, too many dead branches and bare branches in the crown, so it should be combined with thinning and deletion.

2. Truncation

It refers to the pruning method of removing part of the annual branches.

Short cutting can stimulate the germination of lateral buds under the cutting mouth, which can be divided into:

(1) Light truncation. That is, to cut off the top part of the annual branch (that is, 1 beat 5 to 1 stroke 4). It is mainly used for pruning strong branches of flower and fruit trees. Light truncation stimulates most of the semi-full buds in the lower part of the cutting mouth to sprout and form more medium and short branches.

(2) truncation. That is, cut off the full buds in the middle or upper part of the branch. After cutting, there are many medium and long branches, and the branching ability is high, which is beneficial to the growth and expansion of the crown. It is generally used to cultivate backbone branches, big branches and extended branches.

(3) heavy truncation. Cut off most of the branches (the total length of the branches is 2-3 to 3-4), so that the original branches have few buds, concentrated nutrients, and can pull out one or two strong branches under the cut. This method is mostly used for renewal of aging trees and rejuvenation of weak branches.

(4) extremely heavy and short. Leave 1 to 2 shrunken buds short at the base of the branch. Generally, only 2 to 3 short or weak branches can be produced, which can reduce the branch position. This method is used to ease the growth potential of trees.

3. Auxiliary pruning

(1) shearing. It is to truncate the perennial branch to the branch, which can reduce the apical dominant position and promote the perennial base to renew and rejuvenate.

(2) pick the heart. Technical measures to cut off the top of the new shoot in the growing season (for example, picking the heart of Chimonanthus chinensis in summer can promote nutrient accumulation and blossom more in winter).

(3) pruning. In the growing season, the general lignified shoot tip of overgrown branches is cut off, mainly to adjust the relationship between main branches and lateral branches.

(4) engraving. Cut horizontally near the bud to the xylem of the branch. The length of the wound is 1pm 3 of the perimeter of the branch. This method can prevent the supply of nutrients and stimulate or grow the lower buds.

(5) removing buds. Cut off buds that are useless or hinder the growth of trunk branches. Such as: rose, peony, flower pomegranate and other foot buds.