The Best time and skill of fertilization for Maize

Corn is one of the main food crops in China, which is widely planted, and the area planted in the northern region is larger. Fertilization is indispensable to achieve high yield in the process of corn planting, so what is the best time and skill of fertilization for corn?

1. The best time to fertilize corn

In the whole growth process of maize, there are three peak periods of fertilizer absorption, namely, jointing stage, booting stage and flowering stage. That is to say, the three topdressing methods of attacking stalk, ear and grain play an important role in the high yield of maize.

Attack stalk fat. Generally 6-8 leaves, seedling height of 30 cm topdressing. Attacking stalk fertilizer can promote the enlargement of the upper leaves of maize, expand the photosynthetic area, prolong the functional period of the lower leaves, and lay a good foundation for promoting roots, strong stalks and increasing ears.

Attack spike fat. In the big trumpet stage of corn, that is, 10-15 days before heading, topdressing with 12-13 leaves. This stage is the most vigorous period for the growth and development of maize, which requires a lot of fertilizer and water, and is the key period to determine the ear size and the number of grains per ear. At this time, re-application of panicle fertilizer and simultaneous attack of fertilizer and water can not only meet the needs of fertilizer and water for panicle differentiation, but also improve the photosynthetic productivity of the middle and upper leaves, so that the input ear has more nutrients, more grains and fullness, which has a significant effect on increasing yield.

Attack grain fertilizer. Refers to the female ear filaments began to pull out, before and after pollination of a topdressing. The main purpose is to prevent late de-fertilization, prolong the functional period of upper leaves, promote grain filling, increase grain weight and increase yield.

2. Skills of fertilizing corn

1. Key points of base fertilizer

Base fertilizer can improve soil fertility, improve soil structure, and provide nutrients continuously during the whole growth period of maize, so as to ensure the normal growth and development of maize. Base fertilizer should be based on organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer. Spring corn and summer and autumn corn that can be cultivated before sowing should apply base fertilizer as far as possible. Generally, base fertilizer can be applied with 1500MUR 3000 kg of soil and barnyard manure per mu.

The application method of base fertilizer should be flexibly controlled according to the quantity, type and sowing date of base fertilizer. If the quantity is not large, the bed should be set up first, and then ditches should be opened in the middle of the border. When the amount of base fertilizer is large, the fertilizer can be spread evenly on the ground before the cultivated land, combined with the cultivated land to turn the soil. Chemical fertilizers such as potassium fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and zinc fertilizer had better be mixed with organic fertilizer.

2. Key points of planting fertilizer

It is more necessary to apply seed fertilizer for summer corn, interplanting corn and winter sowing corn with poor soil nutrient content and little or no application of base fertilizer. Seed fertilizer should be based on available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and high-quality mature human manure, livestock and poultry manure, but the application amount should not be too much. Generally, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate or ammonium chloride can be applied per mu. Biuret in urea is easy to burn seeds, the dosage should be less, no more than 4 kg per mu. Using potassium chloride as seed fertilizer, the maximum amount of potassium chloride per mu is no more than 7.5 kg.

Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer or diammonium phosphate is the best seed fertilizer, which can be used as 10-15 kg per mu. The application of seed fertilizer can be ditched or burrowed, and stirred with the soil before sowing, to achieve seed, fertilizer isolation, to avoid burning seeds. In particular, more attention should be paid to urea and potassium chloride as seed fertilizer.