The plan for the year lies in spring: a summary of the key points of pear cultivation and management in spring!

As the saying goes, the plan of the year lies in spring. Spring is very important for fruit trees. Spring is the time for pear trees to sprout and blossom. Cultivation and management at this stage is very important. Let's take a look at how to cultivate and manage.

1. Fertilizer and Water Management   

Sprout fertilizer is applied in the middle and last ten days of February, mainly available nitrogen fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer, accounting for 20-30% of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole year. According to soil moisture, water should be watered once before sprouting and flowering, and again if the soil is dry after flowering, so as to prevent leaves from competing for water with young fruits and reduce fruit drop.   

II.    for Flower and vegetable thinning

The specific method is to remove all the buds in the inner circle of the inflorescence and leave 3-4 full and healthy buds on the periphery of the inflorescence. In the second time of flower thinning, one of the remaining 3-4 flowers was selected in full bloom and the rest was removed.   

If the flower thinning work is not done well, fruit thinning should be carried out in time when the flower ovary expands to form young fruit. The method is to remove malformed fruit, disease and insect fruit and leave only one fruit in principle. Leave a fruit 10 centimeters away.

3.    for protecting flowers and fruits

In the flower bud stage combined with extra-root topdressing, spray 3% 0 borax fertilizer once, when blooming 2/3, combined with extra-root topdressing, spray 3% 0 borax fertilizer once.  

Fourth, wiping buds, controlling shoots and pulling branches   

The "water moss branches" on the trunk and side branches should be erased in time to reduce nutrient consumption, and the measures of sprain and coring should be taken to control the tree potential. The specific method is: when the new shoots are semi-lignified, the growing shoots are sprained in 1/3 places. Pick the heart: the top three leaves of the new shoot will be removed at the tip. The pulling branch falls in the middle and lower part of the upright branch at an angle of no more than 45 degrees.

V.    for pest control

1. Spray the medicine once before the pear flower bud sprouts, spray 3-5 Baumedushi sulfur mixture.   

2. Main diseases   

(1) Pear rust: symptoms: small yellow spots appeared on the leaf surface at the initial stage of the disease, when the disease was more serious. There are irregular brown spots and black hyphae. The period of onset was from March to July.

(2) Brown spot: symptoms: small yellow spots appeared on the leaf surface at the initial stage of the disease, when the disease was more serious. There are dark brown irregular plaques and black powdery matter. The period of onset was from March to July. Prevention and cure method: use mancozeb 1000 times liquid foliar spray.  

(3) Black spot: symptoms: small yellow spots appeared on the leaf surface at the initial stage of the disease, when the disease was more serious. There are dark brown spots and black hyphae. The period of onset was from April to July.

3. Main insect pests:   

(1) aphids: mainly harm to new shoots and young leaves, causing green loss of leaves. Control method: use cypermethrin plus spirochete ethyl ester and imidacloprid alternately use foliar spray.   

(2) Pear stem wasp: it mainly harms the tender shoot and knocks off the tip of the tender shoot. Control method: use cypermethrin foliar spray.   (3) pear lingering mosquito: it mainly harms the young leaves, rolls the leaves into a tube, and causes a large number of fallen leaves when the damage is serious. Control method: spray the leaf surface with cypermethrin 800-1000 times liquid.