What are the winter fruit tree management points? These six are important!

The heavy snow and solar terms have passed, which also means that we are moving forward step by step into the cold winter. Many fruit trees have been harvested in autumn, and most of them have entered the dormant period. So, what are the key points of fruit tree management in winter? These six points are very important!

First, clean up the orchard

Before or after November or after 90% of the fruit trees in the orchard have fallen leaves, the orchard should be thoroughly cleaned up. All the waste debris in the orchard, such as moldy branches, fallen leaves, residual fruits, weeds, abandoned plastic film and chemical fertilizer bags, that may become hiding places for pathogens and pests, should be thoroughly cleaned up and taken out of the orchard. After finishing the orchard cleaning, before the fruit sprouting, the orchard was sprayed with 2-3 times of pest control drugs (3-5 Baumedo stone sulfur mixture, etc.), so as to comprehensively disinfect the orchard and further kill bacteria and insect pests.

Second, ploughing the land deeply

Every year, from the fruit tree to the dormant period in winter to the beginning of spring in the following year, there are often a large number of bacteria and pests hidden in the soil from the surface to 15 cm in the orchard. If we can turn the whole orchard deeply to dry before winter, it can play a centralized role in killing overwintering bacteria and pests.

Third, winter irrigation

In the process of fruit trees overwintering, winter irrigation is needed to ensure adequate soil water supply, so as to increase soil temperature and enhance the ability of drought and cold resistance of trees. At the same time, winter irrigation can also accelerate the decomposition of fertilizers in the soil, thus promoting the absorption of nutrients by fruit tree roots and improving the soil fertility of orchards.

Fourth, the tree body is painted white

Painting white on fruit trees is also an important part of fruit tree management in winter. By whitening the trunk and branches of fruit trees, it plays a very good protective role in protecting fruit trees from passing through the winter. In general, the best time for whitening trees is from defoliation of fruit trees to soil freezing. The whitening formula can be prepared according to the ratio of 10 parts of quicklime + 2 parts of stone-sulfur mixture (or sulfur powder) + 2 parts of salt + 2 parts of fine clay (or flour) + 40 parts of clear water.

Fifth, apply sufficient base fertilizer

In order to supplement the deficient nutrition of the tree, promote the fruit trees to accumulate enough nutrients to survive the winter before winter, and promote the fruit trees to regain strength as soon as possible, the basal fertilizer should be applied as early as possible after fruit picking and before defoliation. Can be combined with orchard deep turning, irrigation for the whole orchard fertilization, specific operation should be flexible according to the tree age, soil moisture and other actual conditions to choose strip fertilization, fixed hole fertilization, ring fertilization and other methods.

VI. Reasonable pruning

After a year of growth, fruit trees are easy to cause tree shape disorder. In order to form a good crown structure, prolong economic life and achieve high quality and stable yield, deciduous fruit trees are pruned from late December to January in winter. In general, young trees and trees are trimmed lightly, while senile trees and trees with weak potential are heavily pruned; trees in peak fruiting period and medium tree potential are pruned for growth and fruiting adjustment in the following year.

Winter is very critical to the management of fruit trees, which will directly affect their growth and fruit setting rate in the coming year. I hope the above six points can help fruit growers.