What are the common pests of medlar? How to prevent it?

Chinese wolfberry is a common health food, at present, it is loved by many health care people, everyone is saying "soak Chinese wolfberry in a thermos cup", so more and more people grow Chinese wolfberry. So what are the common diseases and insect pests of Chinese wolfberry? How to prevent and cure it?

I. anthracnose of Chinese wolfberry

Chinese wolfberry anthracnose, also known as black fruit disease, the rate of diseased plants in 15% to 20%, serious as high as 70%, is a fungal disease, is the main disease in the production of Chinese wolfberry.

1. Symptom

The disease mainly harms fruits and also infects twigs, leaves and flowers. In the early stage of green fruit disease, large brown dots appeared on the fruit surface, and then enlarged with irregular disease spots. The disease spot becomes soft and black, and the fruit shrinks when the climate is dry. There are near-round black spots on the surface of the disease spot, and orange spore clusters appear on the surface of the diseased fruit when it is wet. It infects twigs, leaf tips and leaf edges, showing semicircular brown spots, wet rot when the field humidity is high, and orange mucus spots on the surface. Flowers and buds turn black after infection. Don't blossom and bear fruit.

two。 Morbidity regularity

The pathogen overwinters on diseased fruits and branches. Wind and rain is the main medium of transmission. The disease can occur throughout the growing period. The pathogen continues to re-infect in the field, with more rainfall and humidity, and the disease spreads rapidly. The peak period of onset is from July to August.

3. Prevention and cure method

Strengthen the management of Tian Wen. Combined with winter pruning and shaping, remove diseased branches, thoroughly clean the dead branches and leaves in the field, and burn them centrally. In the rainy season from May to June, one Bordeaux liquid should be sprayed once, and then again every 15 days. The initial stage of the disease. Spray 5 times with 50% mancozeb 600 times or 70% methyl topiramate 500 times. The two agents are used alternately. Spray once every 7 to 10 days. Spray in time in case of rain.

Grey spot of Lycium barbarum L.

Grey leaf spot of Lycium barbarum is a fungal disease. It is mainly harmful to leaves. It also infects the fruit. The annual incidence rate is 30%. The loss is between 20% and 30%.

1. Symptom

The disease spot is round on the leaf. The center is grayish white to light brown. The edge is a little darker. The disease is sunken. In the later stage, the disease spot browned and withered, the back of the leaf grew light black mildew, and the fruit also appeared light black mildew.

two。 Morbidity regularity

The pathogen overwintered on withered branches, leaves and diseased fruit or in the soil as the remains of diseased plants, and the bow I was initially infected by wind and rain the following year. Re-infection can occur in the field for many times in the growing season. The hot, humid and foggy weather in summer is conducive to the spread of the disease. The harm will be serious.

3. Prevention and cure method

Winter combined with pruning, thoroughly remove the field withered branches, fallen leaves, diseased fruit, concentrated burning. Strengthen field management, increase the application of phosphorus and calcium fertilizer, and enhance plant disease resistance. Before the onset of the disease, the patients were sprayed with 1-150 Bordeaux solution. Prevent the occurrence of diseases. In the early stage of the disease, spray 70% methyl topiramate 600 times or 50% more Yinling wettable powder 500 times. Spray once in 10-15 days, 3 times in a row.

Third, powdery mildew of Chinese wolfberry

Powdery mildew of Lycium barbarum is a fungal disease. It is mainly harmful to leaves, with a perennial incidence of 20%, and infects young fruits.

1. Symptom

There are white powdery mildew layers on both sides of the diseased leaves. The damaged leaves often wrinkled and curled, in the later stage, the diseased leaves were yellow and necrotic, and small black spots grew, and the leaves fell off early.

two。 Morbidity regularity

The pathogen overwinters in the winter buds of diseased tissue and diseased branches. The disease began in the next spring, and the incidence was high in the young fruit stage. The germs spread and infected by the wind. After continuous re-infection, the disease was more serious in dry climate than in rainy weather, and the temperature difference between day and night was large, which was beneficial to the disease. the peak period of disease was from late July to early August.

3. Prevention and cure method

Remove diseased leaves and branches in winter and burn them to reduce germs in the field. Before the branches germinated in the first ten days of March, they were sprayed with Bordeaux solution of one hundred Bordeaux at a time. At the initial stage of the disease, choose 25% trimethoprim 800 times solution, 50% carbendazim 500 times solution, spray 2 murine 3 times according to the condition, once every 10-15 days.

4. Chinese wolfberry aphids

Lycium barbarum aphid is one of the most common pests. It can result in a 20% reduction in production and a 30% reduction in production.

1. Characteristics

Adult aphids and nymphs gather on tender leaves, buds and young fruits to suck juice, resulting in brown withered shoots, stagnant growth of new shoots and deformed fruits. In severe cases, the leaves are covered with oily secretions. Affect photosynthesis and make leaves fall early. The tree is weak. The yield and quality decreased.

two。 Morbidity regularity

Aphids have the phenomenon of overlapping generations. Overwintering with eggs in the branches, axillary buds and trunk gaps of Chinese wolfberry. The following spring, before hatching, parthenogenetic reproduction is used to harm buds, and the peak period is from late May to early June. After the middle and last ten days of July, the density of insects decreased at 1:1, the damage was alleviated, and the damage began to rise again in September, resulting in hermaphroditic aphids. After spawning, eggs overwintered.

3. Prevention and cure method

Prune branches with aphids in autumn and winter and burn them centrally to destroy overwintering eggs. During the growing season, cut off the long branches in time, take them out of the field and burn them. Eliminate the aphids clustered in the young parts and reduce the population density in the field. At the initial stage of the damage, spray in time. The comprehensive control can be carried out with 3000 times of 50% Mijing or 1500 times of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder.