How to fertilize rice to get high yield?

Rice is one of the main food crops in China, which can not only be edible, but also be used to make wine, sugar and so on. Rice can be divided into indica rice and japonica rice, early rice and middle and late rice, glutinous rice and non-glutinous rice, which are grown all over the world, and extra fertilizer is needed for high yield. How can rice be fertilized to achieve high yield?

I. principles of fertilization for rice

1. According to the law of fertilizer requirement of crops, the supply of soil nutrients and the effect of fertilizer, the corresponding amount and methods of fertilizer application were determined. Based on the principle of the combination of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer and the combination of base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, balanced fertilization was realized.

two。 The organic fertilizer produced by farmers must go through ripening and fermentation, carry out harmless treatment, and kill pathogenic microorganisms, insect eggs and weed seeds. The use of industrial wastes, municipal waste and sludge and farm fertilizers that do not meet the harmless targets are prohibited.

3. In order to carry out the compound and special application of inorganic fertilizer, the selection of fertilizer types should meet the fertilizer variety and quality requirements stipulated in the fertilizer quality standards, and organic-inorganic compound fertilizers and various crop-specific compound fertilizers should be selected as far as possible.

II. Key points of fertilization techniques for rice

1. Look at the sky and apply fertilizer

According to the weather forecast and the actual temperature change, it depends on whether the total accumulated temperature of the year is high or low. If the accumulated temperature is not enough, we should appropriately increase the amount of seedlings and reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. Do not seek high yield and stable yield. The temperature is low in spring and summer this year, and the response of fertilizer effect is slow, so it is necessary to apply tiller fertilizer early. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer should not be increased because of low temperature and slow growth, which can easily lead to late ripening of rice.

two。 Look at the land and apply fertilizer

It is necessary to appropriately increase the amount of fertilizer used in hillock land, sandy land, old rice fields and some plots with poor soil fertility. On the contrary, depressions, clayey lands, newly improved paddy fields in dry fields, and plots with continuous straw returning and fertile soil should appropriately reduce the amount of fertilizer used.

3. Look at the water and fertilize

In the farmland and leaking paddy fields that are prone to drought and water shortage, it is necessary to apply more fertilizer, increase the number of times of fertilization, and adopt the fertilization method of eating less and eating more. Low-lying land, there is no shortage of water, can appropriately reduce the amount of fertilizer application.

4. Depending on the variety of fertilizer

For rice varieties with long grains and easy lodging, the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer should be reduced appropriately. The round grain lodging resistant varieties should increase the amount of fertilizer application accordingly. Long-grain varieties, sticky rice and black rice should not only reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, but also increase the amount of potash fertilizer.

5. Depending on the mode of cultivation, fertilization

If the transplanting density of rice is different, the amount of fertilizer application should be adjusted accordingly. The amount of seedlings per unit area is large, so the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be reduced appropriately. If the amount of seedlings per unit area is small, tillering fertilizer should increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer as early as possible. And increase the amount of zinc fertilizer and potash fertilizer.

6. Fertilization based on leaf age index

According to the leaf length, color and the number of tillers of the variety, we can see whether the rice is lack of fertilizer. If the 11-leaf rice, 7-leaf growth period, light color, growth and tillering is not prosperous, the number of effective tillers is insufficient, it is necessary to consider the application of regulatory fertilizer, or appropriately increase the amount of panicle fertilizer in advance.