How does farm manure ferment naturally? How to use it correctly?

Farm manure has many kinds, a wide range of sources and a large quantity, so it can be used locally, and the cost is relatively low. Although farm manure has the advantages of rich nutrient content and loose soil, it also has some disadvantages such as low effective content and slow fertilizer effect. Let's take a look at how farm manure is fermented naturally. How to use it correctly?

First, how does farm manure ferment naturally?

1. Raw materials: crop straw, withered branches, leaves and weeds (5cm to 15cm), domestic waste, etc., human and animal feces account for not less than 10% of the weight, the more human and animal feces, the better.

2. Mixing: mix the raw materials evenly, add a certain amount of water (water content 50%-60%), and conditionally evenly mix 0.1%-0.2% special compost fermentation agent. Add the starter to ferment and mature quickly and thoroughly; without adding, the raw material itself has a certain amount of fermentation bacteria.

3. Accumulation: the mixture will be piled up, with a width of 2 to 3 meters at the bottom and a height of 1.5 to 2 meters. The filling degree of the mixture is better when it is naturally piled up, and after stacking, it is covered with plastic film to keep warm and moisturized.

4. Turn the pile: turn the pile for the first time after 20 days, then continue the pile for 20 days, and turn the pile for the second time. When white hairs with fungal hyphae are formed on the surface of compost, it marks that the compost enters the stage of anaerobic fermentation (without oxygen participation). At this time, the compost pile should be compacted and sealed with plastic film to keep heat, moisturize and prevent the loss of nitrogen fertilizer. make it slowly mature in the later stage. Generally, composting takes about 1-2 months in summer and 3-4 months in winter.

5, site selection: high-temperature composting address requirements are not strict, generally choose in the flat and dry terrain, sufficient water, convenient transportation roadside or land.

Second, how to use farm manure correctly?

1. Composting: fertilizer overstocked with weeds and garbage as raw materials can be used according to local conditions, preferably combined with spring and autumn ploughing as base fertilizer.

2. Sheep manure: it belongs to hot fertilizer, which is suitable for mixed application with pig manure and is suitable for cool soil and shady sloping land.

3. Green manure: it is best to be the base fertilizer or topdressing of legume crops, and use rhizobium nitrogen fixation to improve soil fertility.

4. Horse dung: high content of organic matter, nitrogen and cellulose, containing high temperature fiber decomposing bacteria, fast fermentation and high heat in accumulation, so it is suitable for wet and heavy soil, shady slope land and soil with serious consolidation.

5. Pig manure: there are more organic matter and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Mature pig manure can be applied to all kinds of soil, especially suitable for hot tide soil with good drainage.

6. Human feces and urine: it can be used directly after fermentation, or it can be mixed with soil to make large manure soil for topdressing.

7. Cow dung: the nutrient content is low and it is a typical cool fertilizer. Drying cow dung in the sun and adding 3-5% plant ash or phosphate rock powder to accumulate with horse manure can accelerate the decomposition of cow dung and improve its fertilizer efficiency. It is best to be used in combination with thermal fertilizer, or applied to sandy loam and sunny sloping land.

8. Poultry fertilizer: with high nutrient content, it can be used as seed fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer, which is most suitable for vegetables.