What are the propagation methods of Pueraria lobata? What are the high-yield cultivation techniques?

Pueraria lobata is a kind of crop with high economic value, which can be planted in most parts of our country. It can be eaten raw or used as kudzu powder. What are the propagation methods of Pueraria lobata? What are the high-yield cultivation techniques?

What are the breeding methods of Pueraria lobata?

1. Sowing and reproduction

From September to October every year, when the pods are ripe, the pods are collected, dried and threshed, and the impurities are removed, leaving the seeds for storage. In the following spring, when the temperature rises, choose an appropriate time to prepare for sowing, first select the sandy soil with deep soil layer and good drainage, combined with soil preparation, apply base fertilizer, and then sow. Sowing can be hole sowing or strip sowing, pay attention to sowing density when sowing, and time seedlings after emergence. Combined with ploughing and weeding, when the seedlings grow to a certain extent, they will be planted in time.

2. Cuttage propagation

Cutting propagation is to select the stout kudzu vine that grows on the mother plant for 1-2 years, cut every 2-3 stem nodes into a segment, insert it into loose and moist soil or fine sand, and make use of its regeneration ability, it can take root after about one month, and a new plant can be formed soon. Because of the shortage of cuttings, this method is not suitable for mass propagation of seedlings, and the disease resistance is weak, so it is easy to accumulate a large number of viruses, so that the varieties of Pueraria lobata are degraded and the yield and quality are reduced.

3. Root propagation

Heel propagation, as the name implies, is to use the underground rhizome of Pueraria lobata to reproduce. When harvesting in winter, the robust root system will be cut off about 10 cm in length, which can be reduced and planted directly into the production site. After the following spring, new seedlings can be grown, and when the seedlings grow to a certain extent, they can be transplanted to the planting site in time.

4. Striping propagation

Striping propagation and cutting propagation are somewhat similar, generally carried out in summer, when the plant growth is luxuriant in summer, choose to grow sturdy, disease-free Pueraria lobata, every 1-2 nodes, dig loose the soil under the node, press the soil on the pile, and press the node in the soil. The stem nodes buried in the soil can be cut with a knife and watered during drought to take root as far as possible. After rooting, thin fertilizer and water are applied in time to remove weeds. After the shoot is sprouted in the spring of the following year, it will be cut off into a single plant and transplanted at the beginning of the seedling.

2. High-yield cultivation techniques

1. Land selection and preparation

In order to obtain high yield, the humus soil or sandy loam with loose and fertile soil, deep soil layer and good drainage is needed first. The pH value is between 6 and 8, and the planting land is close to the water source, the light is sufficient, and it should be far away from the industrial pollution area. After selecting the planting land, we should prepare the soil as soon as possible, turn the soil to weathering, improve the soil fertility, and then dig the planting ditch according to the topography, requiring the ditch to be 50-60 cm deep and wide. When preparing the land, we should remove the residual plants of weeds, catch and kill pests and reduce insect pests. As the growth cycle of Pueraria lobata is relatively long, it can only be harvested after planting for 2-3 years, so it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer, generally applying 4000-5000 per mu of rotten organic fertilizer, 15-20 kg of ternary compound fertilizer and 10-20 kg of phosphate fertilizer. Apply it into the planting ditch, backfill the topsoil 20-30 cm thick, and mix the fertilizer and soil evenly.

2. Select improved varieties

When planting, the improved varieties must be selected according to the local soil, climate and use, so as to improve the yield and processing purpose. For example, if it is used to make kudzu powder, we should choose varieties with starch content and Oh, ah, and if it is used for medicinal purposes, as the raw material of medicine, we should choose varieties with higher flavonoid content. Choose different varieties for different uses, so as to maximize the benefits.

3. Field management

Pueraria lobata is a kind of fertilizer-tolerant plant, which needs to be fertilized many times during the whole growth period. the first time when the seedlings grow to 25-30 cm, 3-5 kg of manure water is applied to each plant, and then applied every 30-45 days, according to the actual situation of the plant. The sprouting power of Pueraria lobata is very strong. When the seedling grows to 15-20 cm, it is necessary to leave 1-2 strong seedlings in each hole. When combined with the first fertilization, it is necessary to set up and introduce vines to increase the permeability between plants. When the seedling grows to 2 meters, it is necessary to pick the heart in time to promote its multi-branching and enhance photosynthesis, while when there are too many leaves, it will affect photosynthesis and consume a lot of nutrition, so it is necessary to pick leaves in time, which is conducive to root growth and expansion and increase yield.

4. Diseases and insect pests

Diseases and insect pests are also one of the yield factors that harm Pueraria lobata. The common diseases are yellow powder, root rot, heart borer, locusts, aphids and so on. The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should give priority to prevention and comprehensive control, and the methods of rotation, soil disinfection, weeding, pruning and pruning, and increasing fertilizer should be adopted to promote the growth and strength of Pueraria lobata, increase its disease resistance and stress resistance, and reduce diseases and insect pests. For the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests must be timely, after the discovery of diseases and insect pests should be timely spraying drug control.