What are the planting techniques of quinoa? Attached field management technology

Quinoa is very rich in protein, and it is also the only whole protein grain. Now the demand for quinoa is increasing, and many growers are starting to plant quinoa. What are the planting techniques of quinoa?

1. Planting techniques of quinoa

1. Land selection and preparation

Chenopodium has a strong ability to adapt to the soil, but if you want to grow high-yielding quinoa, you still need to choose the plot with sunny leeward, strong permeability, fertile soil and good drainage and irrigation. Planting quinoa must not be continuous cropping, otherwise there will be all kinds of diseases and insect pests and weeds. The grain of quinoa is relatively small, and the ability of the top soil of the seed is poor, so it is necessary to do a good job in soil preparation, check whether there are residues of previous crops in the soil and clean up in time. After soil preparation, the base fertilizer can be fully applied, and the base fertilizer can be used to improve soil fertility and promote the germination and emergence of quinoa seeds.

2. Sowing seeds at the right time

When sowing, you should choose the right time, not too early and too late. Sowing in the south should choose the end of spring. If the sowing is too early, the temperature is lower, it is easy to restrain seed germination, and the seedlings may suffer from cold injury in spring. Sowing too late will delay the harvest of quinoa, and the seedlings may be unable to grow because of high summer temperatures. When sowing, pay attention to soil moisture, according to the soil moisture to control the sowing depth, through the deep and shallow will have a certain impact on the growth of quinoa. The depth of sowing should not exceed 3 quinoa, more than 3 cm, the seeds can not emerge from the top of the soil, but too shallow sowing will aggravate the lodging phenomenon of quinoa.

3. Check the seedlings between seedlings

After successful seedling emergence after sowing, seedling inspection should be done well, and seedlings should be replenished in time to ensure the yield of quinoa. When the seedlings grow to about 15 cm, the seedlings should be properly separated to ensure that each quinoa has sufficient growth space, which can increase the number of remaining seedlings and ensure that the seedlings are in the state of the whole seedling. In the seedling stage of quinoa, weeds should be prevented. Proper weeding is beneficial to the growth of seedlings and ensure adequate nutrition. In the later stage, according to the growth of quinoa, the soil was cultivated in time, and when the height of quinoa reached the thigh, weeding was carried out again to prevent the nutrition needed for quinoa growth.

4. Timely harvest

Harvest time also has certain requirements, we should be based on quinoa plants and wheat grains, when quinoa mature, grain ears completely yellow, leaves withered yellow fall. The wheat is full and hard and can be harvested at this time. Harvest time should not be too late and too early, early harvest, wheat grain is not fully mature, easy to mildew, resulting in a decline in yield. If the harvest is too late, it is easy to lodge, and a large number of wheat grains fall into the wheat field, resulting in serious damage to yield and quality. Avoid overcast and rainy weather when harvesting, wheat grains are not easy to store in case of water, and are easy to cause diseases and insect pests.

II. Field management of quinoa

1. Water management

Quinoa is a drought-resistant crop, but it needs a certain amount of water at its seedling stage, so we can choose to water the soil thoroughly after rain or first when sowing. The soil water content in seedling stage is directly related to the growth and survival rate of seedlings, if the water content is insufficient, the seedlings can not be whole. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the soil has the right amount of water before and after sowing. After the seedlings grow, the demand for water gradually decreases, and even too much water will lead to the death of quinoa, but a small amount of water should be irrigated during the filling period.

2. Topdressing in time

Quinoa has a strong growth ability, but it also needs to supplement the right amount of nutrition. When applying base fertilizer, it can be applied at one time if possible. But if not, fertilizer should be applied in time according to the growth progress of quinoa during the growth process. Pay attention to the nutritional composition when topdressing, reasonable proportion can make quinoa grow more healthily. Regular observation of quinoa plants, found that there are symptoms of fertilizer deficiency, it is necessary to apply nitrogen fertilizer in time, but nitrogen fertilizer must not be excessive. If the dosage is not controlled properly, it will lead to the overgrowth of quinoa, affect the yield and reduce the planting efficiency.

3. Prevent lodging

The plant of quinoa is relatively high, but the root capacity is poor, the distribution is shallow, and the stem is very fragile, so it is easy to lodge in the windy season in autumn. Lodging will not only reduce the yield of quinoa, but also reduce the quality of quinoa. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal growth of quinoa, it is necessary to prevent quinoa from lodging. When selecting the land, we can choose the land with less wind, control the application of base fertilizer, and add the content of potassium fertilizer, because potash fertilizer can improve the growth of quinoa, promote the stalk stout, and enhance the lodging resistance of quinoa stalk.

4. Disease control

The prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of quinoa should not be relaxed, and the prevention and control work should be focused on prevention. The lower preventive measures are to prevent continuous cropping, do not select plots with serious diseases and insect pests, and can not be sealed without light. Ploughing and disinfecting the soil before planting, taking advantage of the low temperature in winter to eliminate some of the germs. And choose good weather when sowing, do not sow in cloudy and rainy weather. Observe the growth of quinoa, if there are symptoms to pull out the diseased plant in time, check for specific diseases, in the use of corresponding agents to treat, control and prevent spread.