What are the conditions for blueberry planting? Attached pruning technique

Blueberry, also known as Benedictine, Dian persimmon, du Yu, du persimmon, Dianguo, Benedictine blueberry, is a kind of fruit with high nutritional value, which can prevent brain nerve aging and strengthen heart. Blueberries are mainly distributed in North America, Europe, Russia, Yichun, Heilongjiang, China and other regions. Let's find out what conditions blueberry cultivation should meet. With pruning techniques.

First, what conditions should blueberry cultivation meet?

1. Garden requirements

The garden should be in a flat place (slope ≤ 15 ℃). Blueberry is a strong light-loving plant, the garden should have sufficient light, there is no shade such as tall trees or buildings nearby, irrigation water is required near the garden, drainage needs to be unobstructed, and the groundwater level is maintained at 0.35-0.55 meters.

Blueberries are afraid of both flood and drought and need well-drained soil. If the soil moisture is too large, it needs to be drained in time, but water stress will occur when there is no rainfall and no irrigation for a short time. A simple way to judge the drainage condition of the soil is to dig a hole with a diameter of 20 cm and a depth of 20 cm in the planting ground, and observe the change of the water surface in the pit for 24 hours after heavy rainfall. If the water surface does not change, it indicates poor drainage. Such plots are not suitable for growing blueberries.

2. Climatic conditions requirements

High-irrigation blueberries can generally resist the low temperature of-30 ℃ ℃, semi-high irrigation blueberries can resist the low temperature of-38 ℃, and dwarf blueberries can resist the low temperature of more than-40 mol.

3. Soil condition requirements

Blueberry likes acid soil, the PH value of garden soil should be 4.5-5.5, the soil is loose, aerated well, the optimal soil porosity should be more than 50%, good water retention and good drainage.

The content of soil organic matter is 8% to 12%, which should not be less than 5%. However, different varieties have slightly different requirements for soil. Blueberry groups require relatively low soil organic matter content (1%-2%), with soil types ranging from sandy soil and clay loam to sandy clay loam. Southern high-irrigation blueberries have higher requirements for soil drainage, and the content of soil organic matter is ≥ 3%.

The productivity and yield of blueberry orchards depend on soil improvement one year before planting (including correcting soil element deficiency, controlling weed growth, improving soil organic matter content, soil structure and soil pH). To facilitate blueberry growth. If the above-mentioned soil physical properties still can not meet the blueberry planting requirements after improvement, we should choose another suitable place to build a garden.

4. Requirements of water source conditions

The pH of blueberry irrigation water, sodium, chloride, boron, bicarbonate and other chemical elements are very sensitive. The quality of irrigation water should be tested before planting.

2. Blueberry pruning technique

1. Young trees

Refers to the tree that moved into the field for 1-3 years, during this period, the blueberry tree shape has not yet been formed, the tree potential is weak, it does not have the ability to bear fruit, the branches are thin and weak, the number of branches and leaves is less, and there are more drooping branches and stolons. At this time, the tree can not let it bear fruit, resulting in injured trees affect the rapid growth and height of the plant. Therefore, all the flower buds of the plants in this period should be cut off. If the number of branches and leaves is relatively large, all the weak branches, creeping branches and branches with poor position should be cut off; if the number of branches and leaves is small, the creeping branches and weak branches should be treated properly on the premise of ensuring a certain amount of branches and leaves.

2. Middle-aged trees

Refers to the trees that have moved into the field for 3-5 years, and the blueberry trees in this period have the ability to bear a small amount of fruit, which is the period of strong growth of blueberry trees. This period is the best period for shaping the shape of blueberry trees, and it is also the most critical period for the construction of blueberry trees. Pruning should not only consider how to grow quickly, but also consider how to improve the fruit-bearing ability of blueberry trees.

3. Mature trees

Refers to the trees that have moved into the field for more than 5 years, and the main task of the trees in this period is to bear fruit, so it is necessary to control the vegetative growth of blueberry trees and increase their yield. The pruning of mature trees is very complex, and the most problems are considered, not only the yield of the current year, but also the yield of the next few years; not only the high yield of the tree, but also the actual fruiting capacity of the tree and its impact on the next few years.