What are the key points of pear planting management at present? What are the benefits of heavy fertilization?

Pear is a kind of fruit with high moisture and high sweetness. there are many varieties, such as Sydney pear, fragrant pear, crown pear, Qiuyue pear and so on. Pears have the effect of moistening the lungs and intestines, but don't eat too much at one time. Pear trees are widely planted. What are the key points of management in the process of planting pear trees? What are the benefits of heavy fertilization?

What are the key points of pear planting and management at present?

1. Shaping and pruning

The pruning time is from the first ten days of December to the middle of February of the following year. According to the variety characteristics and planting density of pear, the trunk adopts trunk shape, natural happy shape, Y shape and so on. According to the characteristics of pear varieties, pruning principles determine long branches and short branches or the combination of long branches and short branches, pull the long or strong branches of young or adult trees, and remove the upper back branches, disease and insect branches and overdense branches.

2. Fertilizing and topdressing

Deep ploughing can effectively kill overwintering eggs in the soil or reduce their survival rate, increase organic fertilizer to improve soil, increase tree nutrient accumulation, and promote high quality and high yield of pear trees in the coming year; under the vertical projection line of the crown, a circular trench with a depth of 30 cm and a width of 40 cm is dug, and the ditch length and the number of ditches per plant depend on the size of the tree. According to the size of each tree, different amounts of rotten fertilizer, weeds and other organic fertilizer are applied to each plant, and the special compound fertilizer for fruit trees generally follows the principle of "jin of fruit fertilizer", and then cover the soil in time.

3. Coverage protection

After winter, the orchard is evenly covered with wheat straw, rice straw and corn straw, which can not only prevent the cold wind from invading the rhizome, reduce the freezing damage, but also reduce soil water evaporation, preserve soil moisture and increase temperature, and after the mulch is rotten, it can also become an organic fertilizer for tree growth.

4. Soil ploughing

Ploughing the orchard soil to eliminate the overwintering diseases and insect pests in the soil, the ploughing depth is about 20cm to 30cm, pay attention to the shallow ploughing near the tree trunk, do not damage the main root system of the fruit tree.

5. Clear the ditch

Cleaning ditches can be beneficial to orchard drainage and irrigation and enhance soil ventilation and root activity.

What are the benefits of heavy fertilization for pear trees?

The fertilization of pear trees should be based on base fertilizer. The best application time of base fertilizer is autumn, early-maturing varieties are carried out after fruit harvest, and mid-late ripening varieties can be carried out before fruit harvest.

1. According to the observation of root growth law, there are two peak periods of pear root growth in a year, one is from March to May in spring, and the other is from September to November. Base fertilizer was applied in early autumn from August to September after harvest, which coincided with the peak of root growth in autumn. before freezing, the root system had a growth period of 2 to 3 months, which could make the injured roots heal early and promote a large number of new absorbing roots.

two。 These new absorption roots after autumn can promote the absorption of autumn roots and photosynthesis of autumn leaves, increase the level of storage nutrition, improve the quality of flower buds and the plumpness of branches and buds, so as to improve the cold resistance.

3. Most importantly, the root in autumn moves earlier and absorbs fertilizer earlier than that in spring, which promotes the spring growth peak of the root system, which is very beneficial to sprouting, leaf spreading, flowering, fruit setting and young fruit growth. Especially for the leaf expansion and photosynthesis in the early stage of middle and short branches, the effect is more obvious.

4. The application period of topdressing varies with different tree potential, which is generally carried out before budding, flowering and fruit expansion.