What is high temperature composting? What are the technical points?

Compost is a kind of organic fertilizer, which contains rich nutrients, and its fertilizer efficiency is long and stable, and it can increase the ability of soil to retain water, heat preservation, ventilation and fertilizer. Common compost is decomposed under anaerobic conditions. The temperature of compost does not exceed 50℃, and the decomposition time is longer, about 3-5 months. Stacking methods vary with seasons and other conditions, including flat, semi-pit and underground. So what is high temperature compost? What are the technical points?

What is high temperature compost?

High temperature compost is organic fertilizer, straw, feces and urine after high temperature treatment, can eliminate bacteria, eggs, grass and other harmful substances. High temperature compost must be inoculated with high temperature cellulose decomposing bacteria, ventilation devices should be set up, and cold protection measures should be taken in cold areas.

There are two kinds of stacking methods of high temperature compost: flat land type and semi-pit type. The stacking method is the same as that of ordinary compost, but it must be added with good thermal cellulose decomposing bacteria to promote the decomposition of straw.

High temperature compost generally goes through several stages such as heating, high temperature, cooling and decomposition. The high temperature stage can kill insects and sterilize.

Second, what are the technical points of high temperature composting?

1. Select the venue. Choose a place close to the water source and convenient for transportation. The size depends on the site and the number of materials. Build a 30 cm high earth ridge around the field to prevent water from running.

2. Material ratio. According to 1 ton of straw with 1 kg of straw decomposition agent, 5 kg of urea (or 200-300 kg of decomposed human feces or sludge), in order to meet the nitrogen required for microbial fermentation, conditions can be added 2-5% calcium magnesium phosphate or 2 kg lime effect is better.

3. Stacking method. Generally divided into 3 layers, each layer is about 30-50 cm thick, evenly spread straw decomposition agent and urea between layers, no straw decomposition agent can be poured into human excrement or sludge between layers. In order to ensure ventilation in the pile, vertically insert the wooden stick at a certain distance before stacking, so that the lower part contacts the ground, pull out the wooden stick after stacking, and the remaining pores are used as ventilation holes. Stack width is generally required to be 1.6-2 meters, stack height 1.0-1.6 meters, length depends on the number of materials and site size.

4. Straw treatment. Before composting, the straw is soaked with water. The ratio of dry straw to water is generally 1:1.8, so that the moisture content of straw reaches 60%-70%. Generally, it is appropriate to hold the material with liquid dripping, which is the key to the success of composting.

5. Seal the pile. After stacking, seal with film (or mud). When the pile body gradually sinks and the temperature in the pile slowly drops, turn the pile over, mix the materials with poor edge decomposition evenly with the internal materials, and stack them again. If white mycelium is found in the materials, add appropriate water and seal the pile again.

6. Grasp maturity. When completely decomposed, the pile shrinks by 1/3-1/2, the straw becomes dark brown to dark brown, soft and fragile, the leaching solution is dark brown to light yellow, and has ammonia odor.