When will the northeast sweet potato mature? Detailed explanation of planting technology is attached!

Sweet potato is a kind of food crop with high yield and strong adaptability, which is closely related to industrial and agricultural production and people's life. The harvest time of sweet potatoes in the north and south of China will be slightly different. So, when will the northeast sweet potato mature? Detailed explanation of planting technology is attached!

First, when will the northeast sweet potato mature?

Northeast sweet potatoes are generally harvested in mid-October, and harvesting on rainy days is prohibited before frost falls at the latest. Harvest should be light digging, light loading, light transportation, light unloading, to prevent potato skins and pieces from being bruised. The storage temperature is 10-15 ℃ and the air relative humidity is 85% Mel 90 ℃. The storage place should be clean and hygienic, and do a good job of anti-rodent and anti-virus. At the same time, there should be heat preservation measures to prevent frostbite and extrusion, and pay attention to ventilation and heat dissipation.

2. Planting techniques of sweet potato

1. Raising seedlings

Early-maturing varieties should use greenhouse + small arch greenhouse + plastic film three-layer heat preservation seedlings, early emergence of plastic film mulching cultivation, early supply to the market; conventional cultivation can use small arch greenhouse + plastic film two-layer heat preservation seedlings. The nursery bed is about 1.0 meters wide and 15-20 cm deep. The bottom of the bed is covered with organic fertilizer and then watered and covered with soil.

The selection of seed potato requires typical characteristics of this variety, no diseases and insect pests, 100-250 grams of potato pieces. The planting density is about 3 cm apart, and the soil is covered after the seed potato is arranged, with a thickness of 2-3 cm, not more than 5 cm, so as not to affect seedling emergence. Remove the plastic film when 60% of the potatoes sprout. When the temperature is more than 20 ℃ on a sunny day, ventilation should be opened at both ends of the arch greenhouse film and the greenhouse film to prevent high temperature seedling burning and keep the bed temperature 25-30 ℃. The humidity of the bed soil shall prevail when the soil is dry and wet. When potato seedlings are 20-25 cm long and have 6-8 complete leaves, they can be cut and planted in the field.

2. Planting

The seedlings can be cut and planted in the field when the average temperature is more than 15 ℃. Due to the low temperature in the early stage (from late April to mid-May), plastic film mulching can be used. When planting, the four nodes were inserted horizontally or obliquely into the soil, and the two leaves were exposed to the ground in case of drought, and the rest of the leaves were buried in the soil, so as to make the potato seedlings survive and spread evenly, increase the commodity rate and yield, and plant density 4000 plants / 667m ~ 2, plant spacing 20 cm.

3. Soil preparation and fertilization,

Soil preparation should be carried out on a sunny day, and the soil should be broken and broken. After leveling, the fertilizer strip is applied at the bottom of the ridge, the distance between the ridge is 80 cm, and the ridge height is about 20 cm. Special organic compound fertilizer can be used for fertilizer. when the planting area is large, the soil n, p, k and organic matter should be determined, and the soil pH value should be determined in the south. The use of common compound fertilizer is not recommended.

4. Pruning and topping

For potato fields with more branches and more prosperous growth, two or three branches can be cut off with scissors, so that nutrients can be returned and potato pieces can get more nutrients. Topping can regulate the movement of nutrients and promote the transport of nutrients to the roots. When the potato seedlings grow to 40-60 cm, remove the tender tips, and when the branches grow too vigorously, they should also remove the tender tips.

5. Topdressing in time

About 15 days after planting, seedling raising fertilizer was topdressing rarefied human and animal manure with 750-1000kg or urea 2.5kg per 667m2 in combination with the first intertillage. The topdressing of tuber fertilizer in the branching and tuber stage is generally carried out within one month after planting combined with the second intertillage, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. After the stem and leaf were sealed, the root growth rate was faster, and topdressing fertilizer was applied when there were cracks in the ground. Every 667m2, urea 1.5kg, superphosphate leaching solution 10kg, potassium sulfate 3kg mixed with water 150-200kg were mixed into nutrient solution, which was irrigated along the seam in the afternoon of cloudy or sunny day.

6. Pest control

The main diseases are virus disease, black spot disease and purple feather disease. Control method: select disease-free seed potato, soak the seedlings with 2000 times solution for 5 minutes before planting, and the cuttings can be soaked with 1500 times solution of 25% carbendazim or 2000 times solution of 50% topiramate for 10 minutes.

The main pests are Spodoptera litura and sweet potato leaf beetle. Spodoptera litura can be sprayed with 10% 1000 times solution, 5% Yitaibao 800-1000 times solution or 48% Lesben 1000 times solution in late June. Sweet potato leaf beetle can be cut in potato seedlings for 30 days. Spray with 20% triazophos EC 600x or 2.5% enemy kill 4000 times.

Seed selection is the key to the yield of sweet potatoes. To choose appropriate size, neat, no disease and insect pests invasion, no wound and other characteristics of planting.