What are the key points of high-yield cultivation techniques of potatoes? It is very important to do these five points well!

Potatoes, also known as "potatoes", are called the world's five largest crops along with wheat, rice, corn and sorghum. Contains a lot of starch, can provide rich calories for the human body, and rich in protein, amino acids and a variety of vitamins, minerals, especially its vitamin content is the most complete of all food crops. So, what are the key points of high-yield cultivation techniques of potatoes? It is very important to do these five points well!

1. Select high quality varieties

Select the right varieties according to the planting season, stubble and market demand. In general plain, hilly and low mountain areas, early maturing varieties such as Zhongshu 5, Huashu 1, Zaodabai and Feurita should be selected, while in alpine and second alpine areas, E potato No. 5 and 10, E potato 13 and 14, Mira, Qingshu 9 and other middle and late maturing varieties should be selected.

2. Sowing seeds at the right time

The sowing time of winter potato in plain, hilly and low mountain areas should be from the end of December to the first ten days of February of the following year (to avoid low temperature and freezing injury after emergence, the sowing should be postponed as far as possible). Sowing in sunny weather should be about 5500 holes per mu of early-maturing varieties. The sowing date in alpine areas is appropriately advanced or postponed according to the influence of snowfall. The sowing depth is 812 cm, and Feurita and other varieties should be sowed 15 cm deep to prevent the phenomenon of green skin when sowing is too shallow.

3. Apply sufficient base fertilizer

Potato consumes the most potash fertilizer, followed by nitrogen and phosphorus. The yield of 3000 kg per mu of fresh potato should absorb 16kg of nitrogen, 6.5kg of phosphorus and 32kg of potassium. It is not easy to topdressing winter potato after plastic film mulching, so it is necessary to apply sufficient base fertilizer at one time, about 2000 kg of mature farm manure per mu, 100kg of special compound fertilizer (16:13:16 or 17:6:22), 15kg of urea and 20kg of potassium sulfate per mu of chemical fertilizer. The application of farm manure and urea combined with ploughing and soil preparation was fully mixed with the topsoil. Appropriate supplement of trace elements.

4. High ridge cultivation techniques.

In areas suitable for mechanized operation, it is recommended to adopt the whole process of mechanized operation of ploughing, planting, management and harvest. Plains, hills, low mountains and other areas can appropriately develop double film (arch shed + plastic film) or three film (big arch shed + small arch shed + plastic film) to plant potato, advance the mature period to the middle and late April, grab the high price and obtain high income.

5. Prevention and control of diseases, insect pests and weeds

Adhere to the prevention and control strategy of "prevention first, comprehensive control", focusing on the prevention and control of potato late blight. Preventive agents can choose 70% mancozeb wettable powder, 175 to 225 grams per mu, etc. Therapeutic agents should be selected for the affected fields, and spray control with 68.75% silver farinolide (fluoromycete ·aldicarb) 60% 75ml or 76% gram dew (frost urea ·manganese zinc) 100 grams as early as possible in the early stage of disease.

In order to obtain high yield of potatoes, early or medium-early potato varieties with high yield, disease resistance, good quality and good taste should be selected according to the local climatic characteristics. the fresh varieties exported should have good potato shape, shallow bud eyes and smooth potato skin.