What are the common diseases and insect pests in the grape growth stage? What kind of medicine do you use? When do you take the medicine?

Grape is a very common cash crop, many people will grow grapes. However, the problem of grape diseases and insect pests gives many fruit growers a headache. Let's take a look at the common diseases and insect pests in the grape growth stage. What kind of medicine do you use?

1. Budding stage

When the winter buds were enlarged but not green, spraying 3-5 °Be stone-sulfur mixture further reduced the number of overwintering pests and pathogens. For orchards with serious disease last year, 1 ~ 2 °be stone sulfur mixture or copper preparation can be sprayed again from fluffy ball to green stage.

2. From germination to pre-flowering

2-leaf stage: mainly control green bug bug, once every 7-10 days, spray 2-leaf 3 times. The optional agents are: 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules 800010 000 times, 10% cypermethrin EC 2000 times 2500 times, 1.8% avermectin EC 3000 times, 1% matrine 1200 times 2000 times.

Inflorescence separation stage (8-10 leaf stage): it is a period of rapid growth of various pathogens, and it is an appropriate period for the control of ear axis brown blight, gray mold, black pox, anthracnose and other diseases. Mainly protective fungicides, the chemicals that can be sprayed are as follows: 80% mancozeb 600 × 800 times, 70% mancozeb 600 times 800 times, 70% Bensen zinc wettable powder 400 times 600 times, 80% Bordeaux liquid wettable powder 400 times 600 times, 78% Cobo wettable powder 600 times. Rain Water used fungicides mixed with protective drugs in many years, such as 80% mancozeb 600 × 800 times plus 10% polyoxomycin wettable powder 1200-1500 times, etc.

3-5 days before flowering: it is an important period for the prevention and treatment of many kinds of diseases and insect pests. The combined application of protective fungicides and endospiral fungicides is recommended. Protective fungicides can be selected from previous Cobo, Bordeaux solution, mancozeb and 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder 800-1000 times. The therapeutic agents can be selected as follows: 50% isobarbazide wettable powder 1000 / 1200 times, 50% carbendazide wettable powder 1000 / 1500 times, 50% bacterionitrile wettable powder 4000 / 5000 times.

3. From Xie Hua to before sealing ear

2-3 days after anthesis: it is the key period to control Botrytis cinerea, ear axis brown blight, white rot, black pox and so on. It is recommended that protective fungicides be used in combination with internal absorption fungicides. Should choose the medicament that is safe to the young fruit, do not choose the wettable powder dosage form, but should choose the water dispersible granule or suspension dosage form. The available protective fungicides are as follows: 60% azol ether ·Dysenlian water dispersible granule 1000-1500 times, 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granule 2500-3000 times. The selected therapeutic agents for Botrytis cinerea were as follows: 1000 times of 40% melamine suspension, 500 times of 50% ethylene sclerotia wettable powder and 1200 times of more than 10% antimycin wettable powder.

The second medication after anthesis: 12-15 days after flowering, which is a critical period for the prevention and control of white rot, downy mildew and anthracnose. Broad-spectrum protective fungicides are recommended. The available agents are as follows: 25% pyrimethrin suspension 1000 × 1200 times, 68.75% oxone ·manganese zinc water dispersible granules 1000 × 1500 times, 70% Dai Senlian water dispersible granules 600 × 800 times.

Before ear sealing (usually before bagging): the focus of prevention and control is anthrax, white rot, gray mold, downy mildew and other diseases. Protective fungicides are used together with internal therapeutic agents. Protective fungicides: 60% oxazolyl ·Dysenlian water dispersible granules 1000-1500 times, 25% pyrimethrin suspension 1000-1200 times. Choice of therapeutic agents: 50% pyrimidinamide water dispersible granules 1000-1200 times.

4. After sealing the ear to before changing color

Generally use 1 to 3 times of chemicals, into the rainy season leaves focus on the prevention and control of downy mildew, Bordeaux liquid or other copper preparations and other protective fungicides and internal treatment agents mixed to prevent the outbreak of downy mildew. Fungicides to prevent downy mildew can be selected as follows: 1 ∶ 200x Bordeaux solution, 77% Dounin (calcium copper sulfate) wettable powder 600x800 times, 80% Bordeaux liquid wettable powder 400x600 times, 70% propionium zinc wettable powder 400x600 times, 70% Dysenlian water dispersible granules 600x800 times, 68.75% oxone ·manganese zinc water dispersible granules 1000mm 1500 times. Fungicides for the treatment of downy mildew can be selected as follows: 50% enoylmorpholine water dispersible granules 2000 times, 72% urea manganese zinc wettable powder 600 times 800 times, 90% triethyl phosphate aluminum wettable powder 600 times 800 times, 69% enoyl manganese zinc water dispersible granules 600 times 800 times, 66.8% propionyl mold wettable powder 700 times 1000 times, 58% cream manganese zinc wettable powder 600 times. Note that therapeutic agents must be used in rotation to avoid drug resistance.

5. After changing color to maturity

It is generally used for 2 to 3 times, focusing on the prevention and control of all fruit diseases, such as white rot, anthrax, acid rot, gray mold and so on. The last use of the drug should be more than 20 days from the harvest time. For continuous spraying of protective agents such as copper preparations, you can also choose 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules 2500 × 3000 times, 70% methyl thiophanate wettable powder 800 times 1000 times, spray internal inhalation therapeutic agents when white rot occurs, 20% difenoconazole 4000 times or 40% flusilazole 8000 times; when anthracnose is found, alternate spraying internal suction treatment agents: 10% metoprolol 800 times, 50% ether carbendazim 3000 times or difenoconazole.

6. From harvest to fallen leaves

The main solution was 1 ∶ (0.5-0.7) ∶ Bordeaux solution, and the disease was sprayed for 2 times according to the occurrence of the disease every year. After defoliation or winter pruning, clean up the fallen leaves and pruned branches in the field, clean the tendrils, branches and petioles on the shelf, peel off the old bark, accumulate fermentation and retting manure or centralized treatment after treatment with a grass crusher, and immediately use stone-sulfur mixture or Bordeaux liquid to reduce the overwintering base of diseases and insect pests and lay the foundation for the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests in the second year.