What is sunflower language? When will it be planted? Attached technical guidance for sunflower production in 2020

Sunflower, also known as Chaoyang Flower, gets its name because its flowers often face the sun. Flowers are often used as flower arrangement, what is the sunflower language? When will it be planted? In addition, the technical guidance for sunflower production announced by the Ministry of Agriculture in 2020 is introduced as follows.

What is sunflower language?

The flower words of sunflowers are faith, glory, arrogance, loyalty, love, meaning silent love, representing the courage to pursue the happiness they want.

When will sunflowers be planted?

The sowing time of sunflower is generally from March to April, and the suitable temperature for sowing is 18-25 ℃. It usually sprouts about 5-7 days after sowing. The basic principle of sowing date selection is to sow early or late appropriately according to the occurrence law of saline-alkali, so that the seedlings can avoid the harm of saline-alkali. Spring sowing or summer sowing according to the growth period of the variety.

Technical guidance on sunflower production in 2020!

At present, sunflowers in some areas of Xinjiang and Gansu have entered the sowing stage, and other areas will also sow seeds one after another. In order to guide sunflower production in various regions, the National Agricultural Technology extension Service Center and the Oil expert guidance Group of the Ministry of Agriculture and villages formulated technical guidance for sunflower production in 2020.

First, rational rotation and selection of improved varieties. Sunflower avoid continuous cropping, continuous cropping will lead to excessive consumption of soil nutrients, parasitic weeds and the aggravation of diseases and insect pests. It is suggested that the rotation should be carried out for at least three years, and the first crop should be wheat, flax, corn and sorghum. According to the natural ecological conditions, production conditions and market demand, excellent varieties with suitable ripening period, disease resistance, strong stress resistance and good commerciality are selected. Parasitic weeds should be selected in the area where the occurrence of parasitic weeds is serious. Purchase seeds from regular seed supply channels to understand the registration of varieties and the effect of production and application in advance.

Second, sow seeds at the right time and reduce the density appropriately. To ensure adequate moisture and timely sowing, the northwest sunflower planting area should sow early in spring, mainly to prevent the cold in spring, and postpone the sowing date appropriately according to the weather changes; in the dry farming area, do a good job in preserving soil moisture before sowing, and improve the sowing quality through drought-resistant techniques such as plastic film mulching and sowing or increasing the application of water-retaining agent; in the planting area of drip irrigation, drip irrigation to protect seedlings in time after sowing. On the premise of ensuring normal maturity, appropriate postponement of sowing date can reduce the incidence of sunflower Verticillium wilt and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and reduce the harm of sunflower borer. According to the characteristics of varieties and planting methods, the suitable planting density can be adopted, and the planting methods such as large and small rows, large ridges and single rows can be adopted according to the local actual conditions. Appropriate reduction of planting density and intercropping with dwarf crops can reduce the incidence of Verticillium wilt and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, and increase yield and grain commerciality at the same time.

Third, prevention is the first, green prevention and control. We should give priority to prevention and control, focusing on the prevention and control of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Verticillium wilt, rust, leaf spot, sunflower borer and sunflower Liedang. Agricultural control measures such as deep soil preparation, reasonable crop rotation, timely late sowing, reasonable close planting and increasing application of organic fertilizer can be adopted, and the mixed seed dressing of biocontrol agents and chemical agents can be used before sowing. The prevention and control of Liedang can be sprayed reasonably at the seedling stage. To achieve green prevention and control, comprehensive prevention and control, and reduce the use of chemical pesticides. In the later stage, reduce irrigation, or a small number of drip irrigation to reduce the occurrence of disk rot. When sunflowers enter the late budding stage, we should pay attention to the harm of thrips, reduce the occurrence of grain rust and advocate biological control.

Fourth, scientific fertilization and rational irrigation. Select the appropriate fertilizer formula, appropriate fertilization technology, to achieve balanced fertilization. The combined application of organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer has the best effect on increasing yield, and the appropriate application of potassium fertilizer, boron fertilizer, zinc fertilizer and silicon fertilizer and other medium and trace element fertilizer is beneficial to improve the yield and quality of sunflower. According to the law of water demand of sunflower and the actual situation, the water demand from seedling emergence to bud stage is less, and appropriate drought is beneficial to squatting seedling stalk and promote root development; budding to flowering stage is the key period of water and fertilizer management, so it is necessary to ensure the timely supply of water and fertilizer; from flowering to maturity, it is necessary to water again in case of drought, so as to increase seed setting rate and kernel rate and increase yield, but to prevent lodging.

Fifth, strengthen management and harvest at the right time. At flowering stage, auxiliary pollination should be strengthened to improve seed setting rate. Artificial pollination or honeybee pollination can be used, and honeybee pollination can be used when the planting area is large. The sunflower should be harvested in time when it is ripe. Generally, the upper leaves of the disk and stem turn yellow and the bracts are yellowish brown 45 days after flowering. The lower leaves can be harvested when they are dry and fall off. The harvested disk should be spread out and dried in time to prevent mildew and rot, and should be dried in time after threshing. In areas with favorable conditions, mechanical harvesting can be selected according to the characteristics of varieties and grain water content.

Now is the best time for sunflower sowing. Friends who want to plant can prepare the soil and fertilize according to the variety and sow.