How to do well the technical measures of disaster prevention and reduction in the planting industry in June? Zhejiang Province gives official guidance!

According to the Zhejiang Meteorological Observatory, Zhejiang Province entered the plum on May 29. In most years, the Meiyu period usually lasts 20-25 days. It is expected that there are more precipitation processes in June, and the main disastrous weather are torrential rain and torrential rain. So, how to do well the technical measures of disaster prevention and reduction in the planting industry in June? Zhejiang Province gives official guidance!

I. Rice

At present, early rice in Zhejiang Province is in the stage of young panicle differentiation and is about to enter the stage of heading and flowering. The late single cropping rice is in the seedling transplanting stage, and some of the early sowing and early planting have entered the tillering stage. the continuous or heavy rainfall in the flood season is easy to delay the rice planting season. at the same time, it causes problems such as lack of seedlings and falling seedlings in the field, loss of chemical fertilizer, long time of stagnant water in the field or too deep water layer hindering the root growth of rice, which are disadvantageous to the optimization of rice population structure and individual robust growth.

1. Drain and expose seedlings in time. In the field, there is a shortage of flat water to prevent the accumulation of water from being too deep; after heavy rainfall, shallow field water should be discharged in time. The water can be drained at one time on cloudy and rainy days, and the hot sun should be drained gradually to retain the appropriate water layer.

2. Check and replenish seedlings in time. Under the influence of heavy rain, rice fields or rice seedlings may be seriously flooded or destroyed. While doing a good job in reporting damage by agricultural insurance, rice fields should be repaired and replanted in time. For those who lack seedlings and fall seedlings in the field due to heavy rainfall, the transplanting field should straighten up the seedlings in time, clean up the sundries and mud on the seedlings, and replenish the seedlings. For unplanted single cropping late rice, it is necessary to sow seeds as soon as possible, and the technology of deep fertilization on the side of machine insertion can reduce the loss of fertilizer in Meiyu weather.

3. Replenish fertilizer according to seedling classification. After flooding, there is more fertilizer loss in the paddy field. About 3-5 days after water withdrawal, the single-cropping late rice field combined with tiller fertilizer can increase the application of urea 3kg / mu or 12.5kg / mu with high concentration compound fertilizer. In order to enhance plant resistance and speed up the recovery of growth. Early rice combined with panicle fertilizer can be applied 4 to 5 kg urea per mu.

4. Pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases, pests and weeds. Chemical weeding should be done in time during the Meiyu season, especially in the single-cropping late rice field; during the Meiyu season, the early rice field has a large population and high humidity, so we should attach great importance to the prevention and control of sheath blight.

Rape and dry grain

At present, there are still some rape and wheat unharvested, so we should pay close attention to the clear harvest. Mature corn should also be harvested in time; spring soybeans are in podding stage, and ditches should be opened to remove stagnant water. A warm and humid environment contributes to the occurrence of soybean anthracnose and affects the quality of soybeans. Prochloraz, methyl thiophanate and carbendazim should be used in time to control; summer soybeans and sweet potatoes are in sowing time, rainy days are helpful to seedling emergence, but timely drainage should be used to prevent flooding.

3. Vegetables

1. Clear the trench and drain in time. Do a good job in clearing ditches and managing ditches, keep ditches unblocked, eliminate stagnant water in the field in time, and prevent waterlogging damage. In case of heavy rain, serious stagnant water in the field should be drained by a pump to ensure the safety of the flood season.

two。 Harvest nearly ripe melons and vegetables as soon as possible. Rush to harvest flooded fields and waterlogging-intolerant varieties of vegetables to reduce losses due to disasters. Fast-growing leafy vegetables such as amaranth and hairy vegetables should be harvested and supplied to the market in time according to the market situation.

3. Strengthen the management of vegetables in the field. Help plants in time after the disaster, remove residual branches and diseased leaves, spray foliar fertilizer, prolong the harvest period; use greenhouse facilities for rain shelter cultivation, avoid rainstorm direct brushing and water accumulation in the field, prevent excessive soil moisture, and can be combined with insect control nets if possible to effectively reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

4. Clean the countryside in time. After changing stubble, the garden should be cleared in time, and measures such as uncovering plastic film in open shed, irrigation and fallow, high temperature greenhouse or soil disinfection should be carried out to reduce the obstacle of soil continuous cropping; plant residues and Zizania caduciflora straw should be treated innocuously and comprehensively utilized. Measures such as fermentation compost, appropriate amount of returning to the field and border cover on dry land can be taken according to local conditions to reduce the number of diseases and insects and prevent decay from polluting the environment.

5. Timely prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. The main diseases are powdery mildew, downy mildew, anthrax, leaf spot, bacterial angular spot, bacterial soft rot, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and so on. the main pests are aphids, bean pod borer, bean wild borer, snail, yellow striped beetle, ape leaf beetle, diamondback moth and so on. According to the different varieties and harm degree, we should choose the safe counterpart medicine, pay attention to the rotation and reasonable collocation of pesticides, and strictly carry out the safety interval of pesticides. At the same time, combined with the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests, extra-root fertilization and growth regulation were carried out to promote crop recovery, such as spraying 0.2-0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, brassinolide and so on, so as to improve plant stress resistance and disease resistance and prolong harvest time.

6. Reasonable arrangement of the next production. Make use of the intermittent weather of rain to sow heat-resistant and fast-growing varieties such as hairy vegetable and amaranth by stages. Arrange the production of the next crop of vegetables as soon as possible, sow autumn vegetables such as pine cauliflower, cauliflower and cabbage at an appropriate time, cover seedlings with sunshade nets in greenhouse facilities, and cover rice straw or sunshade nets for open-field direct seeding of autumn cowpeas and string beans, so as to prevent soil consolidation caused by Rain Water erosion and improve the seedling rate.

IV. Fruit

1. Plum rainy season, do a good job in picking bayberry and other mature fruits. Next month will be the ripening season of bayberry, blueberry, precocious peach, and other fruits, and it will also enter the rainy season. The industrial department should strengthen the technical guidance on the picking, storage and transportation of bayberry and other open-field fruits, guide fruit farmers to grasp the harvest time, seize the fine weather, and pick them by stages in time.

two。 During the period of high temperature, do a good job of ventilation for protected cultivation of fruits. The temperature will continue to rise next month, and when the weather is fine, the greenhouse should be ventilated in time to prolong the ventilation time to prevent excessive temperature and humidity in the greenhouse from harming the fruit.

3. During the period of high temperature and drought, we should do a good job in the prevention and control of all kinds of fruit diseases and pests. High temperature and drought in summer is the period of high incidence of diseases and pests in all kinds of fruits, so do a good job in the monitoring and control of diseases and pests in all kinds of fruits. At the same time, pay attention to the water supply, when the temperature is low in the morning and evening, the whole orchard can be watered or sprayed according to the orchard conditions to ensure the water supply of fruit trees during the high temperature in summer.

5. Traditional Chinese medicine

1. Open ditches to reduce stains, remove stagnant water and lower the groundwater level. Clean up the field ditch system or ditch in time, dredge the drainage channel, ensure the smooth drainage of the field ditch system, timely eliminate the stagnant water in the field, reduce the groundwater level, prevent the roots from being retted by anoxia, and promote the root growth of traditional Chinese medicine.

two。 Strengthen the management of ventilation and shading. Traditional Chinese medicine cultivated in greenhouse or indoor over summer should do a good job of ventilation and humidity reduction in time, and shading and cooling of sunny weather after rain, so as to prevent water loss and wilting and death of traditional Chinese medicine.

3. It will be sunny after rain, and foliar topdressing will be in time. Rainstorm leaching will lead to soil nutrient loss and poor plant growth. Combined with disease prevention and pest control, foliar topdressing should be used to timely and appropriately apply nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other compound micro-fertilizer to supplement plant nutrients to restore growth as soon as possible. 0.2% water-soluble micro-fertilizer (rich in magnesium, iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, copper and other elements) or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus amino acid foliar fertilizer can be sprayed to promote the growth of traditional Chinese medicine.

4. Rush to harvest or replant in time. If the planting land of traditional Chinese medicine is flooded and the traditional Chinese medicine is damaged, the disaster-stricken traditional Chinese medicine which is still valuable on the market should be harvested actively to reduce the loss. For Chinese herbal medicines that have been seriously affected by disasters, Chinese herbal medicines whose roots have died should be cleaned up in time, and reseeding or replanting should be arranged in a timely manner.

5. Earnestly pay attention to the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of traditional Chinese medicine after the disaster. After the heavy rain, it causes stagnant water in the field, or soil water content is saturated, the growth of traditional Chinese medicine is weak, and the temperature rises rapidly, which is conducive to the occurrence and prevalence of various diseases and insect pests of traditional Chinese medicine. It can easily cause diseases and insect pests such as Fusarium wilt, root rot, downy mildew, anthrax, blight and so on. Sterilization and insecticides should be sprayed in time according to different varieties and degree of damage. For the use of medicine in sunny days, choose safety, corresponding drug prevention and control, and pay attention to the rotation of drugs to ensure the safe production of traditional Chinese medicine.

VI. Flowers

1. Clean up the drainage and lower the groundwater level. Timely clean up the weeds and sundries in the ditches around the greenhouse, dredge the drainage channels and drainage ditches in the greenhouse, ensure smooth drainage; pump water in the flooded land in time to remove stagnant water in the field, reduce the groundwater level, prevent anoxic retting roots, and promote plant growth.

2. Strengthen the cultivation management of rain protection, ventilation and shading. To strengthen the ventilation and humidity reduction of the greenhouse, the greenhouse should close the roof ventilation in time when it rains, and turn on the roof ventilation in time after the rain stops, such as using ventilation equipment such as internal circulation fan, and use shading net for short-term shading when the weather begins to clear up, to prevent permanent wilting caused by physiological dehydration caused by non-recovery of roots after waterlogging. Do a good job in cultivation management, such as Gerbera and Magnolia should clean up diseased leaves and old leaves in time, improve light transmission and ventilation conditions, and harvest seed bulbs in time after lily cut flowers are harvested.

3. If the weather is fine after rain, foliar topdressing in time. Heavy rain leaching will lead to soil nutrient loss and poor plant growth. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other fertilizers should be added, combined with disease prevention and pest control, foliar fertilizer should be added when spraying pesticides. Foliar topdressing is applied with nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer and other compound micro-fertilizers to supplement plant nutrients, such as 0.2% water-soluble micro-fertilizer (iron, manganese, zinc, boron, molybdenum, copper and other elements), or 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus amino acid foliar fertilizer to promote plant growth.

4. Do a good job in the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests after flower disasters. After continuous rainfall, the weather turns fine and the temperature rises rapidly, which is conducive to the occurrence and prevalence of all kinds of diseases and insect pests, such as chrysanthemum brown spot, rust, African chrysanthemum white whitefly, Liriomyza huidobrensis, root rot, lily blight, gray mold, bacterial soft rot and so on, seriously affecting the growth of flowers. Sterilization and insecticides should be sprayed in time according to different varieties of flowers, types of diseases and insects, and the degree of damage. Take medicine in the afternoon on a sunny day, choose high-efficiency, safe and low-toxic agents for prevention and treatment, and pay attention to the rotation of drugs.