What is the reason for the falling flowers and fruits of chili? How to prevent and cure?

Pepper is an important vegetable and condiment, which is widely planted in our country. In the process of pepper cultivation, flower and fruit drop will occur if it is not managed properly, thus affecting the yield. So, what is the reason why chili peppers fall? How to prevent and cure?

First, what is the reason why chili peppers fall?

1. The selected varieties are not suitable for the local environment.

2. Sowing early or out-of-season cultivation

The temperature of pepper can not be satisfied during the growth period, especially when the ground temperature is lower than 18 ℃, the physiological function of the root system decreases, and the root system stops growing at 8 ℃, which makes the plant in a state of immortality and inactivation. Although the temperature is below 15 ℃, the anther can not be pollinated, and the temperature can not come up for a long time, which is prone to three falling diseases.

3. The temperature of pepper growing season is too high.

If the air temperature is higher than 35 ℃, it can not be fertilized or the ground temperature is higher than 30 ℃, the root system will be damaged and flowers will fall.

4. Too little or too much water

During the growth of hot pepper, continuous rainy weather for a long time, insufficient light or relative humidity less than 70%, overnutrition or reproductive growth imbalance, overgrowth of plants, too much or insufficient water can lead to flower drop, bud drop and fruit drop.

5. Lack of soil fertility

The lack of phosphorus and boron in the soil or the poor quality of seedlings can not keep up with the management, so that the branches and leaves can not grow up early and quickly after planting, and the branches and leaves do not grow up in the high temperature season, and the roots of sweet and chili pepper are shallow, which are mainly distributed in the topsoil layer of 15 cm. The increase of soil temperature is easy to be hurt, resulting in unfruitful flowering, or falling flowers and buds.

6. Diseases and insect pests

Such as scab, bacterial leaf spot, anthracnose, virus disease, tobacco insects, tea yellow mites, serious damage can easily lead to fallen leaves.

7. caused by fertilizer or drug damage.

Second, how to prevent and control the falling flowers and fruits of pepper?

1. Select the right variety

Select local varieties that are resistant to low temperature, low light or early maturity according to local conditions. Such as Tianza No. 1, No. 2, Nongle, extra-large Niujiao Pepper, Zhongjiao No. 2, No. 3, Nongfa, Liaojiao No. 4, Zaofeng No. 1, Zaoza No. 2, Xiangyan No. 1, No. 4 and so on.

2. Sowing seeds at the right time

The suitable sowing date was determined scientifically to meet the needs of 20 ℃ 30 ℃ and 25 ℃ soil temperature for sweet and hot pepper. It is necessary to consider whether the greenhouse temperature meets the requirements, whether the ground temperature can reach more than 18 ℃, and whether the growing season can avoid the harm of high temperature. In order to prevent the damage caused by low temperature and direct exposure to the sun, through management, it can meet the requirements of temperature and humidity for the growth and development of sweet and hot pepper, especially the ground temperature is often more prominent to prevent it from growing or decaying for a long time.

3. Rational fertilization

It is recommended to apply compost made by yeast retting or fully mature organic fertilizer or Lvfeng biological fertilizer 50-80kg/666.7 square meters with brewing heat such as horse dung, apply fertilizer to promote seedling, attack fruit and return seedling according to seedling condition, and adopt formula fertilization technology to prevent de-fertilizing in the later stage of growth.

4. focus on the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

Pay attention to the prevention and control of scab, anthracnose, virus diseases, tobacco insects and tea yellow mites and other diseases and pests. If it is a virus disease, it can be sprayed with 300 times of 5% chlorpromazine or 800 times of 1.5% Zhitanling EC, once every 7 days, 3-4 times in a row. If there are tea yellow mites, the back of the leaves can be sprayed with 300x solution of 15% diclofenac EC, 800x solution of 20% diclofenac EC or 2000 times solution of 20% methotrexate.

5. Adjust the ground temperature

The use of plastic film cover, enter the high temperature season can break the film, to prevent the soil temperature is too high, promote the use of sunshade net cover.

6. Timely picking

When the fruit changes from light yellow to cyan, it should be picked. Thinning branches and picking the heart, thinning old branches, weak branches, disease and insect branches before entering the Beginning of Autumn, and applying a quick-acting fertilizer combined with thinning branches to restore vitality, promote branch and flower bud formation and then bear fruit, and prevent premature senility.

Generally speaking, the main reasons for pepper falling are unsuitable varieties, early or too late sowing time, improper temperature, moisture, soil management, disease and pest erosion, and so on. When growers are planting, pay attention to these aspects and take corresponding preventive measures to effectively control the falling flowers and fruits.