What are the diseases of vanilla plants? Introduction and control methods of blight / blight / white silk disease

After being introduced from abroad by horticultural growers, vanilla plants can also be made into flower drinks or vanilla bath products in addition to serving as spices. Various types of applications have been integrated into the daily life of the general public and are becoming more and more popular. In addition to a large number of gardening and residential cultivation, general potted sketches are also very popular with consumers. Vanilla crops can be seen everywhere in windowsills and office places, but because most vanilla crops have only been introduced from abroad in recent years, the types of diseases and their occurrence and harm are not very clear. this paper only gives a brief introduction to the types, symptoms and control methods of common diseases in the field.

1. Blight disease (Stem blight)

Pathogen: Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn

Symptoms and occurrence ecology:

The fungal disease transmitted by soil shows a slight depression or constriction at the base of the stem at the beginning of the disease, and then produces brown spots, resulting in aboveground withering, lodging and death. if the leaves come into contact with the affected part, there will also be browning and death symptoms. In the later stage, brown irregular small sclerotia can appear in the affected area, which can float with irrigation water to cause secondary infection, or remain in the soil, becoming the primary source of infection in the next season.

Prevention and control methods:

1. It is found that the diseased plants should be removed immediately together with the root medium to avoid sclerotia and increase the source of infection in the field.

two。 Application of antagonistic microorganism Trichoderma sp developed by Agricultural Laboratory or Pingtung University of Science and Technology. For biological control.

II. Epidemic disease (Phytophthora blight)

Pathogen: Phytophthora parasitica Dastur

Symptoms and occurrence ecology:

Soil-borne fungal diseases initially produce water-immersed spots at the base of the stem, and white filaments can be seen growing on them at high humidity. with the progress of the disease, withering symptoms will appear in the aboveground parts of the plant, resulting in plant death in severe cases. Rainy season or poor drainage can easily lead to the spread of diseases.

Prevention and control methods:

1. The diseased strains were immediately removed to reduce the density of pathogens.

two。 Pay attention to drainage in the park to avoid being too wet.

3. Avoid sprinkler irrigation to prevent the occurrence and spread of diseases.

4. The plant resistance could be induced by applying phosphite 1000 times every 7 days before the onset of plum rain season.

3. White silk disease (Southern blight)

Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) Tu et Kimbr. (sexual generation)

Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. (asexual generation)

Symptoms and occurrence ecology:

In the early stage of infection, the leaves of the plants showed symptoms of yellowing and withering, and white silk filamentous hyphae could be seen at the base of the stem sticking to the affected surface, which would cause stem tissue decay and disintegration with the progress of the disease, resulting in shoot death. The mycelium produced 0.5~1mm round sclerotia in the later stage, which changed to light brown after the initial white, which could cause secondary infection by floating with irrigation water, or remained in the soil, which became the primary source of infection in the next season.

Control method: Tongli blight