Summer cutting technique of woody flowers

The high temperature and low humidity in summer, the large transpiration of cuttings and the imbalance between the water absorption of the cut at the base of the branch and the water consumption of the upper part are the key factors that make it difficult for woody flowers to survive in summer. However, the meristem cambium of summer cuttings is active, and under the action of high temperature and humidity, especially under the action of rooting medium such as ABT rooting powder or naphthylacetic acid, the cut cuttings are easy to heal and rooting, and can greatly shorten the rooting time of cuttings (about 40 days for spring cuttings and 15 days for summer cuttings), and the survival rate is greatly improved. Especially for some species of spring cuttings which are difficult to take root, such as camellia, sweet-scented osmanthus, Michelia and magnolia, it is an effective breeding method.

I. requirements for inserting machines

The inserting machine should choose the position of ventilation, back shade, good drainage and irrigation, and avoiding the western sunshine. The insert bed is made into a high border pattern with slightly higher in the middle and slightly lower around, and the border surface requires fine soil, virtual upper and lower surface and leveling. The depth of the furrow is more than 20 cm to prevent the base of cuttings from rotting caused by stagnant water, and precious woody flowers with small numbers of reproduction can also be planted in pots. The bed soil is the substrate for the survival of cuttings, and the soil of the cutting bed must be clean and free from diseases and insect pests. Therefore, when the bed is flattened, 0.5% potassium permanganate solution or 50% carbendazim or 58% mancozeb 500 times solution should be used to evenly spray the bed surface for disinfection and remove underground pests such as ground tigers. Before cutting, cover the border with a layer of 3 cm thick non-polluting fine loess and 2 cm thick fine river sand, which can also be used alone. Spray the bed with 1% to 2% fungicides (such as carbendazim, methyl thiophanate, chlorothalonil, etc.) many times before cutting to ensure that the soil layer is more than 3 cm, and germicidal water can be sprayed while cutting.

The type of substrate soil can be selected according to the different types of cutting woody flowers. Such as camellia, hanging flowers, Michelia, rose, Tiannu flower, Yingshan red, purple magnolia and so on, yellow soil is the most ideal; lobular yellow poplar, Phnom Penh privet, hibiscus, wall-climbing tiger, oleander, Fufang vine and so on, sand soil is better; gardenia jasminoides, ten meritorious fruits, etc. take plain sand as the matrix cutting; mulberry, lantern flower, hydrangea, Qionghua, leaf flower is appropriate to humic soil as the substrate.

2. Cutting methods

Cutting is divided into root cuttings, leaf cuttings and branch cuttings. Greenwood cutting refers to the semi-lignified shoot cuttings of the same year.

Summer cuttings can be carried out from late May to mid-July. Sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia, mulberry, hydrangea and so on, the branch cuttings with a stronger degree of semi-Lignification are the most likely to root, and the summer cutting time should be earlier. Populus tomentosa (big and small), French holly, Phnom Penh women's virginity, purple magnolia, Michelia, rose, rubber tree, gardenia, Fufang vine, etc., with all-woody branches cuttings easy to root, summer cutting time should be a little later. The middle and upper branches of the crown which are fully developed, robust, budding and free from diseases and insect pests are better for cuttings.

The extra leaves on the cuttings should be cut off as far as possible to reduce leaf water transpiration. Sweet-scented osmanthus, camellia, Fusang, gardenia, Michelia can leave 2 leaves; yellow poplar, Phnom Penh privet, Fufang vine, Admiralty, Yingchun, June snow, oleander, lobular gardenia, etc., can leave a few leaves; rubber tree, purple magnolia, etc., leave only half a leaf; rose, wall-climbing tiger, Tienu flower, tortoise bamboo, etc., can leave no leaves. Do not tear the cortex when thinning leaves.

The depth of cuttings inserted into the substrate is about 1 / 2 or 2 / 3 of the ear length (10 / 15 cm). The suitable cutting density is that the leaves do not overlap each other. Camellia, sweet-scented osmanthus, Michelia and Tiannu flowers are watered once after cutting, bamboo bow (height > 40 cm) on both sides of the cutter is used to cover the transparent plastic film for heat preservation, and then a layer of shade shed (the height of the shade shed is more than 60 cm). Or covering the sunshade net with a light leakage rate of 50% around the cutting bed can significantly improve the cutting survival rate and shorten the rooting time, but most woody flowers only need to be watered after cutting. Build a shade to prevent the sun from shining directly on the film.

In addition, cutting must also be done with cutting, cutting, treatment with medicine (rooting powder, etc.), with cutting, with watering, with shading, in order to reduce the water loss of cuttings. Cuttings can be collected in combination with seedling pruning. Cuttings are harvested from the mother plant and immediately sprinkled with water and moisturized to prevent water loss and wilting. The length of cuttings is generally 4 cm to 10 cm, but it is necessary to ensure that the nodes of the cuttings are not less than 2, and the cuts at both ends of the cuttings are smooth, so as not to break the skin and so on.

Third, plug-in management

Check once or twice a day within a month after cutting, mainly to control temperature and light, moisturize and shade, often spray water on the leaf and irrigate the cutting bed, keep the bed moist, reduce the bed temperature, and create good rooting conditions for cuttings.

It is found that the rupture of the greenhouse film can be repaired with adhesive tape in time, and the height of the sunshade net can be adjusted at any time to prevent the sunshade net from sagging onto the transparent greenhouse film.

After the cuttings took root, appropriate watering should be reduced and appropriate amount of thin liquid fertilizer should be applied to accelerate the root growth of cuttings. Pay attention to drought prevention in autumn and transplant in the next spring.