Study on cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in idle space in flower greenhouse

1 materials and methods

1.1 Test materials

1.1.1 Materials for test

The early autumn 615 of Pleurotus ostreatus was provided by Tianda Edible Fungi Research Institute in Jiangdu, Jiangsu Province.

1.1.2 cultivation facilities

The flower greenhouse used in the experiment is a glass-steel frame composite structure, with heating in winter, thin film heat preservation, air vents on all sides, fans and wet curtains on the north and south sides respectively, the internal ambient temperature of the greenhouse is 2329 ℃, and the relative humidity is 80% 85%.

. The variety cultivated on the seedling bed is bamboo taro, and it is vacant under the seedling bed for many years.

1.1.3Bti pesticide

The Israeli variety of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillusthuringiensissubsp.israelensis, referred to as Bti) was provided by Song Jinyi, a researcher at the vegetable Research Institute of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

1.2 Test method

1.2.1 Experimental design

The basic components of the treatment are 48% cottonseed hull, 48% corncob and 4% quicklime. The specific design is shown in Table 1. There were 8 repeats in treatment 1 and treatment 2, and 3 repeats in CK and treatment 3, with 25 bacterial bags each. The experiments were arranged according to random groups, with 0.2m interval between repeats.

1.2.2 Test method

The bacteria bag was 18cm × 40cm polypropylene bag, and the dry weight was about 1.3kg after filling. After inoculation, bacteria were isolated in the culture room (Fig. 1). During the inoculation period, the room temperature was maintained at 2528 ℃ and the humidity was about 70%. After the mycelium grew up in the bag for about 30 days, the mycelium was transferred to produce mushrooms under the seedling bed in the greenhouse. Sprinkle lime powder on the ground before transfer, and then put the bacterial bag evenly on the pre-set plastic board for a total of 3 layers. In order to promote the germination of mushroom buds

The two sides of the bacterial bag are opened with 1cm deep and 3cm in diameter. During mushroom production, a sprayer is used to humidify every day to keep the humidity in the greenhouse at 80%-90%, and the armyworm board is used to kill insects. It is often ventilated in the process of cultivation to avoid excessive concentration of carbon dioxide in the greenhouse. In order to control the harm of gall mosquito larvae, treatment 1 was treated with Bti pesticide of 5g/L, CK and treatment 3-7 were treated with different concentrations of Bti pesticide on the 10th day after mushroom emergence.

1.2.3 Detection method

Electronic scale is used to weigh the yield of Pleurotus ostreatus, and the accuracy of electronic scale is 0.01kg.

2 results and analysis

2.1 yield of Pleurotus ostreatus under different cultivation patterns

It can be seen from Table 2 and figure 2 that under the condition of cultivation in flower greenhouse, both raw material cultivation and clinker cultivation reached a certain yield, but there were great differences in mushroom emergence time and mushroom body characters between the two cultivation models. The results showed that the fruiting time of the clinker cultivation mode was evenly distributed, and the mushroom yield decreased with the passage of time, while the fruiting time of the raw material cultivation mode had an obvious peak period. it was the 25th day and 55th day of mushroom production, respectively, and there was an obvious low tide period between 2 tide mushrooms. The conversion rate of raw material cultivation was higher than that of clinker cultivation, but the water content of fruiting body was also higher. Because the temperature and light intensity of the cultivation environment are higher than the general conditions, the moisture content of the fruiting body under the two cultivation modes is obviously low, especially the clinker cultivation mode, which leads to the low fruiting body conversion rate during the experimental period. the fruiting body conversion rates of raw material cultivation mode and clinker cultivation mode were 87.5% and 71.9% respectively, which was similar to the research results of Niu Yurong and so on. At the same time, the high temperature environment caused some insect pests, and different degrees of gall mosquito harm appeared in the bacteria bag in the early stage of raw meal cultivation. In daily production, gall mosquito is a common disease, but because of the low temperature in winter, it generally does not cause serious harm and is easy to control. However, the environmental temperature of the experiment was on the high side, resulting in serious insect pests, especially in the bacterial bags cultivated with raw materials, the harm of gall mosquito larvae occurred about a week after entering the shed. Therefore, Bti pesticide was used to control gall mosquito larvae and had a good control effect.

2.2 Economic benefits of Pleurotus ostreatus cultivation under different cultivation patterns

It can be seen from Table 3 that the raw material cost, transportation cost and labor cost of the two cultivation modes are the same, but the difference is that clinker cultivation needs sterilization. Under the mode of raw material cultivation, Pleurotus ostreatus has high moisture content, low yield, and is easily harmed by gall mosquito larvae, and its commercial property is not as good as that of clinker cultivation, so the market price is lower. According to the local market price, the economic benefit of raw meal cultivation is 1.100 yuan / kg, and that of clinker cultivation is 1.614 yuan / kg. In addition, the centralized mushroom production method of raw material cultivation has high requirements for storage and preservation, which will seriously reduce the economic benefits when the market is not good, while the mushroom production of clinker cultivation is scattered and is not easy to be affected by short-term market fluctuations. Therefore, in the actual production, the clinker cultivation mode can be given priority. If 8000 bacterial bags are placed per 667m2, the economic benefits of raw meal and clinker cultivation mode can be 11400 yuan / 667m2 and 16800 yuan / 667m2, respectively.

Effect of 2.3Bti pesticide on control of gall mosquito larvae

Table 4 showed that there were significant differences in fruit body yield among different treatments under different concentrations of Bti pesticide application. The pest was effectively controlled in the treatment of high concentration, and the yield was significantly different from that of CK, which was significantly higher than that of low concentration. There was no significant difference between treatment 3 and 4, and there was no significant difference between treatment 5, 6 and 7. Therefore, the application concentration of 5g/L is the most suitable concentration. In addition, in the use of common cultivation methods in the experimental base, the low concentration was used for many times, and good results were achieved.

3 conclusion

The cultivation of Pleurotus ostreatus in the idle space of the flower greenhouse can not only make effective use of the suitable environment in the greenhouse, make Pleurotus ostreatus produce mushrooms quickly, shorten the growth period, etc., but also make use of the idle space in the flower greenhouse. Bring more economic benefits to flower production farmers and enterprises. By comparing the two production modes of Pleurotus ostreatus, it was found that the clinker cultivation mode was suitable for mushroom production with scattered mushroom time and less insect pests, but due to the limitation of environmental conditions in the greenhouse, the moisture content of fruit body produced by clinker cultivation mode was on the low side, which affected the yield and marketability, which should be improved in further research, such as adopting sunshade net, adding local cooling and humidification device and so on.