The first-born reproductive performance of sows is determined for a lifetime, how to cultivate high-performance reserve sows?

Five key points of management:

one。 Short-term optimal feeding of reserve sows

two。 Light of reserve sows

three。 Material control technique during pregnancy

four。 Management of breeding room from delivery to next time

five。 The full attraction of sows

1. Short-term optimal feeding of reserve sows

In order to implement free feeding of reserve sows before mating, the traditional feeding restriction must be subverted. The lifetime reproductive performance of sows is closely related to their body weight at the time of first mating.

In order to obtain the highest reproductive performance of reserve sows, it is necessary to eat as freely as possible during the reserve breeding period. at the same time, it should be noted that all immune and other domestication procedures should be completed 3 weeks before mating, and there should be at least 14 days of short-term optimal feeding before mating.

In addition, the reserve sows should be transferred to the limit bar at least 15 days in advance before breeding. If the reserve sows are mated soon after being transferred to the limit bar, the average live litter size of the first litter will decrease, as shown in the figure below.

At the same time, after being transferred to the limit column, the total litter size of the first litter of reserve sows before mating was 1 more than that of restricted feeding.

The production performance of sows determines their lifetime fecundity, therefore, the feeding and breeding of reserve sows is very important!

Complete data of 5100 sows from 1 to 5 births in the Midwest

As can be seen from the above table, the variation range of litter size at first birth is the largest. The lifetime production capacity of sows is determined by the first birth. The difference of the first fetus was 1, and the difference of each litter between 1 and 5 fetuses was 0.4.

Second, the lighting requirements of reserve sows

Backup sows require no less than 16 hours of light per day, and the light intensity is greater than 150lx. The backup house is required to have at least 2 meters of a lamp, and there is no shadow in every corner of the pigsty (the small print on the newspaper can be seen clearly in any corner of the pigsty). No less than the brightness of the following picture (most pig farms will ignore the management of light):

three。 Pregnancy control material

The body condition of the whole pregnancy should be controlled at 2.5-3 points, which is relatively thin. At present, the body condition of domestic pregnant sows is generally obese.

During the whole pregnancy, sows should be in a state of feed restriction: normal reserve sows should be fed 1.8Kg/ days for 0-90 days, 2.7Kg/ days for 90-14 days, 2.25Kg/ days for 0-28 days, 2.0Kg/ days for 29-90 days in the second trimester, and 3.2Kg/ days for 90-114 days in the third trimester of pregnancy.

Of course, the feeding amount of sows is not immutable, but should be appropriately adjusted according to gestational age, breed, season and other factors. Generally speaking, feed should be increased or decreased appropriately according to the body condition of sows. 85-90% of sows are adjusted to normal body condition within 5 weeks after pregnancy, and the standard body condition of 3 points is maintained from pregnancy to parturition.

It must be emphasized that the body condition of all sows should be evaluated every two weeks by a fixed person in the farm, and the feeding amount should be adjusted according to the body condition, and the proportion of abnormal sows should be controlled within 10%.

IV. Management of the breeding room from delivery to the next time

Management principle during lactation and weaning to re-mating: sows should be given short-term preferential feeding as far as possible.

01

Maximum feed intake during lactation

Conditional pig farms had better use free feeding feeder in the delivery room, so that sows can eat freely during lactation. Free feeding can effectively increase feed intake during lactation, reduce body weight loss during lactation, increase the average weight of weaned piglets, increase the mating rate of sows within 7 days after weaning and increase the litter performance of lower parturition.

During the lactation period, while maximizing feed intake as much as possible, attention should also be paid to the amount of drinking water of sows: the flow rate of water should be 2L / min; wet mixture can also be fed to increase feed and drinking water intake of sows.

Experience (the measured data were more than 1 million) showed that between 4.5 and 8.2Kg per day during lactation, each increase in 0.45Kg intake resulted in an increase in the total litter size per litter.

If the number of days of lactation is insufficient, it will affect the reproductive performance of sows. The minimum number of days of lactation should not be less than 18 days, preferably 21-23 days.

02

Short-term preferential feeding from weaning to mating period:

After weaning, sows should be fed the maximum amount on the day of weaning. The maximum feeding amount after weaning has a direct effect on the interval between weaning and estrus of sows:

The interval between weaning and estrus at the beginning of the maximum amount of weaning on the day of weaning was significantly shorter than that between weaning and estrus fed by 1.8Kg on the day of weaning.

Maximizing feed intake from weaning to estrus can not only shorten the interval between weaning and mating, 5.3d 4.4 d.

It can also improve the mating rate within 7 days after weaning and the litter performance of the next baby (92.8% 97.5%).

Fifth, the temptation of sows

If the pig farm is well equipped, the seductive work of sows (backup and parturition) can be done very well. It is suggested that the breeding workshop should set up separate and completely independent gates every 5 pigs, so that boars and sows have sufficient nose-to-nose contact time, which is very important for sows' attraction.