A brief Analysis of the factors affecting the success or failure of Flower Bonsai grafting

In order to improve the ornamental and economic value of bonsai, grafting technology is often needed to change from inferior varieties to good varieties. With the progress of grafting technology and in-depth understanding of the law of plant growth, tree grafting can be carried out all the year round. But why some people grafting survival rate is very high, some people are very low, and sometimes the same person operation, sometimes high, sometimes very low? After careful observation and experience, the author realized that: in addition to the proficiency of the operation technology, there are the following main factors affecting the survival rate.

I. Technical operation

Technical operation is the primary factor affecting the survival rate of grafting. In order to ensure a high survival rate, taking "wedge grafting" as an example, the following points are very important: first, when the scion is cut into a wedge, the cutting surface should be selected on the side of the bud to ensure that the nutrition supply line of the grafting bud is not cut off. The height of both sides of the cutting surface should be the same, and the bud side is slightly thicker than the other side, and it should be cut with one knife, and do not return to the knife as far as possible, so as to make the cutting surface smooth and make the contact more extensive.

Secondly, the rootstock should be split on one side to facilitate scion insertion and binding, and the cambium should be aligned at the same time, leaving two millimeters in the upper part of the scion to facilitate combination and callus.

The third is that binding is important, strict, waterproof and moisturizing. The cambium is paired; after good, the plastic tape should be used to bind tightly from bottom to bottom, sealing the interface and scion, leaving only the buds exposed. Or after bundling the joint, seal it with a plastic bag to prevent external water from entering the interface and preventing the interface of the rootstock from losing water from the scion.

II. Selection of rootstock joints and scions

The selection of contact and scion is an important factor in the survival rate. If the choice is correct, the survival rate can be greatly improved, otherwise it will be reversed. Due to the difference of root system, disease, insect, trauma and the influence of branches, the growth of bonsai branches can be divided into strong and weak areas. therefore, in order to improve the survival rate of grafting, we should choose the contact in the strong area.

The choice of scion: in winter and spring, there are no diseases and insect pests, the branches and buds are full and strong, and in summer, the new branches have been lignified, and the branches and buds have grown full, and there are no diseases and insect pests: autumn grafting general flower buds have been formed, scions should choose branch buds, do not choose flower buds, do not choose hidden buds and disease buds.

Weather and humidity are also one of the main factors affecting the survival rate. The sudden cooling after grafting in spring, autumn and winter, and the semi-dormant varieties grafted in hot weather in summer, such as rose, papaya and begonia, will affect the survival rate. In addition, when the air humidity is high when grafting, the survival rate is high, otherwise the survival rate is low. Why the survival rate of grafting is high before 8 o'clock in the morning and 5 o'clock in the evening on cloudy days and sunny days is due to the influence of humidity. The air humidity is high, the interface between scion and rootstock is not easy to lose water, at the same time, the plant grows vigorously, the callus forms quickly, the combination of both sides is also fast, especially after 5: 00 p. M. grafting, after a night of dew and moist moisture, the survival rate will be greatly improved.

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