What are the diseases and insect pests of potted flowers

Anthrax: can appear disease spot or small black spot, can be sprayed with anthrax Fumi wettable powder. Scale insects: a small number can be wiped with detergent water, and more can be sprayed with chlorpromazine wettable powder.

Disease one: cold in late spring

Harm

This is a non-infectious disease, which mainly occurs in some areas south of the Yangtze River and between the Yangtze and Huaihe Rivers. by the end of March, the daytime temperature has reached more than 20 ℃. Many people are eager to move their potted ornamental plants outside for conditioning and maintenance. At this time, there is often cold air to the south, there is a "late spring cold" reverse weather, and the lowest temperature in the early morning often drops below 4 ℃, resulting in the "freezing" of new shoots and leaves of some tropical flowers.

Common such as Magnolia, Milan, jasmine, gentleman orchid, Dai powder leaf, fruit taro, inverted golden bell, bamboo taro, Anthurium andraeanum, poinsettia, etc., will seriously affect the normal growth of that spring.

Solution method

Timely grasp the weather forecast of local meteorological stations and meet the special weather of "late spring cold". For a small number of potted plants that have moved outdoors, they can be moved back to the greenhouse or indoors; if more potted plants are moved outdoors, they can be gathered together and covered with double-layer plastic film.

In the Yangtze River basin and its northern areas, it is generally necessary to wait until after the Qingming Festival or the end of the "final frost period" before moving outdoors. The doors and windows can be cooled down by opening doors and windows and installing electric fans, and the doors and windows will be closed at night. Make it have a process of gradually adapting to the outdoor environment.

Disease 2: powdery mildew

Harm

It mainly harms the ornamental plants such as rose, crape myrtle, ten meritorious works, big leaf yellow poplar, bamboo Polygonum and so on. It mainly harms leaves, petioles, pedicels, flower buds and tender shoots, and the damaged parts are covered with a layer of white powder. In severe cases, the leaves turn yellow, the tender leaves curl, wrinkle and thicken, the buds die, deformed flowers appear, and the tender shoots are bent and shortened.

Solution method

Sulfur powder fumigation in March, an electric fumigator was used in the greenhouse with built-in sulfur powder to carry out sealed fumigation, which had a good control effect.

Disease 3: anthrax

Harm

It mainly harms camellia, tea plum, Yemeni iron, eight immortal flowers, gentleman orchids, evergreen, orchids, spider eggs, epiphyllum, rubber trees, cyclamen and so on. It mainly harms leaves, tender shoots and fruits, and the disease spot is nearly round and grayish brown. In the later stage, the disease spot turns gray-white, with obvious concentric patterns and small black spots.

Solution method

The density of flowers in the whole pot and the planting plants and row spacing in the ground can improve the ventilation and ventilation conditions. The pot soil should be properly watered when it is dry to increase the resistance of the plant.

At the initial stage of the disease, 80% of anthrax Fumei wettable powder 500 times, or 50% polysulfide suspension 800 times, alternately sprayed once every 10 days, 2 times in a row for 3 times.

Disease 4: grey mold

Harm

With the recovery of gas, excessive humidity and poor ventilation, Botrytis cinerea is still one of the main diseases of indoor flowers. It is harmful to African chrysanthemum, rubber tree, melon and leaf chrysanthemum, cyclamen, poinsettia, geranium, Rieger begonia, green apple, dragon boat flower, mulberry, Anthurium andraeanum and other potted flowers, especially leaves and petals.

Solution method

After March, it is necessary to strengthen ventilation and light penetration, reduce indoor air humidity, and prohibit spraying water on the leaf surface in the evening to prevent moisture from remaining on the leaf surface for a long time.

For the plants in the early stage of the disease, 65% of Dysen zinc wettable powder or 50% carbendazim 1000 times of wettable powder can be sprayed alternately every 10 days for 2 consecutive times.

Disease 5: coal pollution disease

Harm

In March, due to poor indoor ventilation and high humidity, scale insects, aphids, whiteflies and other prickly mouthparts pests could not be completely eliminated. Coal fouling disease still occurs on the leaf flowers and fruits of citrus, Milan, Fusang, Magnolia, Michelia, fishtail sunflower, banyan, camellia, palm bamboo, rhododendron, gardenia, bone holly, Fujian tea and other plants.

Solution method

Strengthen indoor ventilation and timely kill the insect vectors of coal pollution caused by aphids, scale insects, whitefly and so on.

A small number of leaves on individual plants are infected with coal fouling disease, so the coal dirt layer can be scrubbed with wet cloth with low concentration of washing powder water.

At the initial stage of the disease, the branches and leaves of infected plants can be sprayed with 50% of methyl sulfur suspension 500 times or 75% of chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times, once every 15 days for 2 consecutive times.

Pest 6: scale insects

Harm

For the potted ornamental plants placed in the greenhouse, scale insects are still the main pest species due to the restriction of ventilation, lack of light and high humidity.

Such as green woolly scale on kumquat, gray pink scale on yew, pink scale on Fusang, chaff scale on magnolia, tortoise wax scale and red wax scale on camellia, horned wax scale on holly, black helmet scale and oyster shield scale on cycad, wheel shield scale on rose, Koch's white shield scale on smile and bran shield scale on Magnolia, giant tumor oyster scale on orchid, white shield scale on brown bamboo, round shield scale on ivy The coconut shield scale on the loose-tailed sunflower, the sagittal shield scale on the four seasons cinnamon and so on. The species of scale insects on each kind of flower are very different.

Prevention and cure method

Scale insects on a small number of plants in the family can be wiped out with 75% sprinkling essence of cotton wool, or with laundry powder. For small scale insects, such as sagittal scale scale, Koch's white shield scale, etc., the live insect body can be stained with transparent tape.

Or spray with 2000 times of chlorpromazine wettable powder, once every 15 days, twice in a row.

Pest 7: aphids

Harm

As the temperature increases and the amount of water poured increases, the harm of aphids on indoor ornamental plants will be more serious. Aphids suck the sap of newly drawn branches and leaves, which will affect the normal growth of the plant after the beginning of spring.

Prevention and cure method

For aphids on a small number of plants, you can first sprinkle tobacco dust, plant ash or slag ash on the insect body and leaves, about 1-2 hours later, and then rinse with clean water to kill most of the aphids.

Pest 8: whitefly

Harm

Mainly greenhouse whitefly, harming melon and leaf chrysanthemum, Fusang, rose, dry golden lotus, lantern flower, etc., followed by orange thorn whitefly, harming kumquat, golden bean, daidai, bergamot, rose, Bailan, Milan and so on, their harmfulness should not be underestimated.

Prevention and cure method

In severe cases, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 2000 times or 25% chlorpromazine 2500 times can be used.