Measures to protect seedlings of rape overwintering

Rape is a crop planted in autumn and winter, it has a little ability to resist the severe cold, but it is often caused by cold air invasion, improper sowing and fertilization, resulting in varying degrees of yield reduction. Therefore, rape overwintering should be combined with the local actual situation, take the corresponding technical maturity, prevent or reduce the freezing injury of rape, and make it safe to survive the winter.

1. Increase fertilizer application

Phosphate fertilizer can promote the root growth and development and enhance the resistance of rape, while potassium fertilizer can improve the cold resistance, disease resistance and lodging resistance of rape. Therefore, rape can be added some phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in winter, which can not only promote the growth of rape, but also increase its anti-freezing ability, but also can use pig and cow manure, soil skin ash and other organic fertilizer before overwintering, combined with soil choking roots. this can also increase the anti-freezing ability of rape. The amount of fertilizer should also be controlled well, and it is not suitable to apply too much fertilizer. Generally, 2000-3000 kg of soil fertilizer is applied per mu, 10-15 kg of calcium phosphate and 50-10 kg of potassium chloride can be applied.

2. Cultivate the soil by ploughing.

The soil can be ploughed for 2-3 times during the overwintering period, which can improve the soil structure of rape, adjust soil moisture, help to infiltrate fertilizer, enhance the ability of fertilizer and heat preservation of soil, increase soil temperature and prevent plant lodging. At the same time, it can also reduce the harm of grass damage and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The depth of mid-ploughing varies according to the growth of Camellia oleifera, generally shallow at first and then deep, the more prosperous fields can be hoed appropriately, and the weaker fields should be hoed shallowly.

3. Drainage and irrigation

It is necessary to open three ditches before winter, clear the ditches and drain the stagnant water in the field in time, reduce the humidity in the field, promote the growth and development of roots, and reduce the damage of low temperature and freezing. Before overwintering, overwintering water needs to be irrigated once, which can stabilize the ground temperature, provide sufficient water for rape during the whole overwintering period, avoid a substantial reduction in low temperature, alleviate freezing damage, and effectively prevent soil from dry freezing. Watering frozen water must be thoroughly irrigated and drained with irrigation to keep the soil moist. Freezing water should be carried out at noon on a sunny day to avoid sinking down by the soil surface and ensure a close connection between the root and the soil.

4. Remedy after freezing

After the cold spell in winter, the seedlings should be checked in time, and the rape with root uprooting phenomenon should be broken into soil and bacon in time to avoid breaking roots and dying seedlings. In rainy and snowy days, stagnant water should be eliminated in time, so as not to hinder root growth and development. at the same time, plant ash or fire soil ash should be applied during thawing, and clear water should be sprayed on leaves in time to alleviate water imbalance so as to prevent seedlings from losing water and dying. Fertilizer should be applied in time after soil thawing to promote branching, increase fruit bearing parts, and remove frozen bolting buds and leaves in time.

The above is the introduction of rape overwintering seedling protection measures, hope to help you, want to know more related knowledge, please pay attention to us.