Management and maintenance of flowers in spring

Pay attention to the time of leaving the room: just entering spring, although it is spring, it is actually at the end of winter, when it is still a very cold climate. If the flower grower does not understand this situation and moves the flowers that have just awakened and sprouted leaves or are pregnant with buds outdoors, in the event of a sudden change in the weather and are attacked by frost or cold current, it is very easy to cause frost damage to the flowers. therefore, potted flowers should come out of the room late rather than early in spring. So, when is the right time for flowers to come out of the room? It depends on where the flowers are grown. In normal years, in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River to the south of the Yellow River, the time for pots to leave the room is generally in the first and middle of April (the weather is warm and stable). In the area north of the Yellow River, it is appropriate to move the flowerpot outdoors from late April to early May. For some flowers originating in the south, it is safer to leave the room around the Beginning of Summer (about early May). According to the air temperature, flowers with strong cold resistance, such as plum blossom and spring welcome, can go out when the average temperature of day and night is 15 degrees. Flowers with weak cold resistance, such as jasmine, magnolia, Fusang, leaf flower, kumquat, sweet-scented osmanthus, Milan, cactus, arrow lotus, crab claw orchid, etc., come out again when the outdoor temperature reaches above 18 degrees.

Do a good job in the transition work: as flowers have been maintained outdoors for a long time, they have become accustomed to a relatively stable temperature environment. Before moving to the outdoor environment, they need to have a process of adaptation to the external environment. Therefore, a week before the flowers come out of the room, you should often open the windows to allow more ventilation inside, or move the flowers out of the room for 3 to 4 hours in the morning and move them indoors in the afternoon, so that the windy weather should not be moved out. let them have a process of gradually adapting to the environment. When flowers come out of the room, they should also choose places that are relatively sheltered from the wind and the sun. Every day around noon, spray and wash the branches and leaves with a small amount of water, and keep the basin soil moist, but do not water too much. In the early days of leaving the room, we should still pay attention to the changes in the weather. If there is a change in the weather, when there is a cold spell or a strong wind, we should still move it back indoors.

Strengthen management: when potted flowers are removed from the room, most novice flower growers can't wait to water and fertilize them. Some people can't wait to tell them to blossom soon and apply fertilizer very thickly. Who knows, it makes the flowers suffer fertilizer damage and burn the buds and twigs to death. For the potted flowers that have just come out of the room, we can only apply sufficient mature thin bean cake fertilizer and water, and we should grasp the principle of less fertilizer and gradual increase, and the frequency of fertilization should also increase gradually, generally every 10 days.

The fertilization time in spring should be carried out in the evening on a sunny day. When fertilizing, it is best to do the following:

1. Stop watering 1-2 days before fertilization, and fertilization is the most effective when the basin soil is slightly dry.

2. Loosen the soil before fertilization in order to facilitate the infiltration of fertilizer solution.

3. When pouring fertilizer liquid, it should be poured along the basin to avoid contaminating the branches and leaves, otherwise it is easy to cause fertilizer damage.

4. It is necessary to water the soil in time the next day after fertilization, and loosen the soil when the basin soil is slightly dry, so as to increase the permeability of basin soil and facilitate the development of root system.

In addition to random fertilization, watering in early spring should also pay attention to the right amount, not casually more watering. In early spring, many flowers have just recovered and begin to sprout and spread their leaves, which do not need a lot of water, and at this time the temperature is not high, the amount of water evaporation is low, and all should be watered less. In late spring, the temperature has increased, the sun is also strong, water evaporation increased, watering times and water should also be relatively increased. In short, spring watering, it is necessary to grasp the principle of no dry watering, watering must be thoroughly watered, avoid stagnant water in the basin. Watering should be carried out before noon.

Change the basin at the right time: in order to do a good job of changing the basin, you should first master the time to change the basin. Most flowers should change their pots before dormancy and budding, that is, between March and April in spring, but flowers that bloom in early spring should change pots after they bloom. As for the number of times to change the basin, it should be determined according to the habits of the flowers. For flowers that need to change pots, do not water them 1 or 2 days before changing pots, so that the soil can be easily separated from the walls of pots. After changing the basin, use a spray can to water it, water it thoroughly and put it in a semi-shaded place. Do not water it for about 10 days after that. When the sun is strong on a sunny day, you should pay attention to proper shading.

Proper pruning: the focus of spring pruning is pruning, root pruning, coring, bud peeling, topping and leaf picking according to the growth characteristics of different kinds of flowers. For flowers that bloom on biennial branches, such as camellia, rhododendron, gardenia, etc., pruning must be cautious, only slightly pruning, generally only cut off dense branches and weak branches, so as not to affect the future flowering. For flowers that bloom on annual branches, such as poinsettia, rose, mulberry, etc., heavy pruning should be carried out, withered branches, insect and disease branches, and over-dense branches that affect ventilation and light should be removed. For retained branches, only 2-3 buds at the base of the branches should be retained, and most of the upper part should be cut off.