How to improve the utilization rate of urea

Urea is the one-week fertilizer with the highest nitrogen content in solid nitrogen fertilizer. it has high fertilizer efficiency and is easy to use. it can be used as base fertilizer and topdressing fertilizer. However, the waste phenomenon in the use of urea is quite serious. For the most high-quality nitrogen fertilizer at present, the utilization rate of urea is generally only 50%, so is there any way to improve the utilization rate of urea? Come and have a look with the editor.

1. Factors affecting the absorption of urea

1. Soil pH

Soil pH will affect the transformation of soil to urea, and the transformation rate of urea in neutral soil is significantly higher than that in acidic or alkaline soil, because neutral soil is more suitable for the activity of microorganisms.

2. The degree of soil fertility

Urease can promote the transformation rate of urea, and the content of urease in fertile soil is high, so fertile soil will accelerate the transformation of urea.

3. Soil temperature

Soil temperature also affects the conversion rate of urea. When the soil temperature is about 10 degrees, it takes 7-10 days to complete the conversion of urea; when the local temperature is higher than 20 degrees, it only takes 4-5 days; and when the local temperature is higher than 30 degrees, the conversion time only takes 2 days.

4. Soil moisture

The hydrolysis of urease is very strong when there is more soil moisture. According to the experimental study, urea can be converted in one day when the soil moisture is 70% at 25-30 degrees, and 28% of urea into ammonium nitrogen is absorbed by crops. On the contrary, if the soil moisture is insufficient, the conversion of urea will be very slow.

II. Methods to improve the utilization rate of urea

1. Deep application

No matter urea is used as base fertilizer or topdressing fertilizer, it should be deeply covered with soil, and the fertilization depth should be 10-12 cm, which can obviously improve the fertilizer utilization rate. According to the study, the utilization rate of urea is only 30% after shallow application of 2-3 cm; the depth of fertilization is 5 cm, and the utilization rate is about 45%; if 10-20 cm is applied deeply. Then the utilization rate can reach 65%.

2. Early application

Urea belongs to acyl ammonium nitrogen fertilizer, which can not be directly absorbed by the soil after being applied to the soil. It needs to be converted into ammonium nitrogen under the action of urease in the soil before it can be absorbed by crop roots. If fertilization is too late, it is not only not conducive to fertilizer efficiency, but also may cause greedy green late ripening.

3. Spraying

The molecular volume is small and is easily absorbed by leaves, so urea is also the most suitable chemical fertilizer for foliar spraying. Foliar spraying has the advantages of fast absorption rate, high utilization rate, high utilization rate and less fertilizer application, but the effect of increasing yield is obvious. Especially in the later stage of growth, the absorption of the root system is weakened, but the plant crops have a large demand for nutrients, which is very easy to cause premature senescence, and foliar fertilizer spraying can be an excellent solution.

4. Mixed use

The mixed application of urea and organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and trace elements can not only maintain the balance of soil nutrients, but also improve the utilization rate of fertilizer and increase the yield.

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