What are the culture methods and matters needing attention of Milan flower?

Milan, alias rice orchid, tree orchid, broken Milan, caviar orchid, woody magnolia, magnolia, orchid, Sailan incense, four seasons Milan, tree pearl orchid, is an evergreen shrub or small tree of neem family.

Milan language: with love, life will blossom.

Place of origin: originally from southern Asia. It is widely planted in the tropics of the world. It is distributed in Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan and other places in China, and potted plants are mostly planted in the north.

It is beneficial to grow flowers: the leaves are green and dense, the trees are graceful, the flowers are golden and shining, and the flowers are of ornamental value; the flowers can extract essence; the stem wood is fine, which can be used for carving and making furniture; Milan can absorb sulfur dioxide and gas in the air; at the same time, it can also emit volatile oil with bactericidal effect, which can purify the air and is beneficial to human health.

Flowers and leaves: odd-pinnate compound leaves, alternate, dark green leaves. Conical flowers, born in the axils of the leaves at the end of the tree, yellow flowers, rich aroma.

Variety selection: there are four kinds of Milan commonly cultivated, which are Milan, Taiwan Milan, Daye Milan and four Seasons.

Plant selection: healthy plants have shiny leaves and golden flowers.

The choice of flowerpots: high-barrel clay flowerpots.

Preparation of culture soil: Milan likes loose, fertile slightly acidic soil, so the culture soil can choose rotten leaf soil as the main culture soil.

Preparation method 1: compost, rotten leaf soil and river sand were mixed at 1:2:1.

Preparation method 2: rotten leaf soil, barnyard manure and river sand were mixed according to the proportion of 4:3:3.

Flower cultivation: cover the basin bottom with coarse sand or charcoal shavings about 3 to 5 centimeters thick as a drainage layer, then spread a small amount of culture soil on top, put the plant in the center of the basin, fill while compacting, so that the plant root system is closely integrated with the soil. After finishing the basin, water once, and then less watering in this half a month, put in a semi-shady place to maintain, in order to promote the hair of new roots, and then watering the basin soil when it is slightly dry.

If it is a seedling, wait until it grows new leaves and gradually let it see the light, and keep its environment moist. Pay attention to keep the temperature above 15 degrees Celsius after putting on the basin.

Fertilization: after the temperature rebounded in spring, Milan moved to outdoor maintenance for a week, to loosen the soil, and apply some thin nitrogen fertilizer, you can apply 10%-20% mature cake fertilizer, and then apply liquid fertilizer every 10 days or so to promote the growth of branches and leaves.

From June, Milan entered the period of vigorous growth and flowering, until mid-October, during this period, a thicker fertilizer based on phosphate fertilizer was applied every 15 days or so, or 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was sprayed every 15 to 20 days. This can also be appropriate to ensure that the flower is more luxuriant.

The florescence must be based on phosphate fertilizer, otherwise there will be only long leaves without flowering. From June to October, if there is not enough fertilizer, it is easy to show that the buds wither and do not open, the number of blossoms decreases, and the flowers are not fragrant.

Watering: Milan likes to be wet, but not too wet. Generally in the basin soil dry to the surface of the soil white before watering, watering must be thoroughly watered to the basin bottom water flow shall prevail. At the same time, watering in Milan should vary according to the growth period and seasonal climate change.

Usually after the Qingming Festival, Milan moves out of the room. The amount of water should begin to increase. Less watering on cloudy days, no watering on rainy days, and watering once every 2-3 days on sunny days.

During the high temperature season in summer and autumn, Milan is in a period of vigorous growth and needs a lot of water, so it is usually watered once a day. When it is hot and sunny, it is sometimes watered in the morning and evening. But when it comes to rainy days, it is necessary to dump the stagnant water in the basin in time to prevent rotting roots.

In late autumn, when the weather turns cooler and Milan grows slowly, watering should be gradually reduced to prevent it from getting too wet, which is usually watered once every 3 to 4 days.

When the temperature drops in winter, Milan goes into a dormant state and needs less water. At this time, it can be watered once every 10 to 15 days to keep the basin soil moist but not too dry. The pot soil is gray and white, which proves that the basin soil is already very dry and should be watered in time at noon on a sunny day, otherwise the plant will die if it is short of water for a long time. Do not water in cold and persistent cold weather. The temperature of the water used for watering in winter should be similar to or higher than that of the basin soil, so as to prevent damage to the roots.

Warm reminder: Milan leaves love, touch the hand slightly or shake the flowerpot leaves will fall, this phenomenon shows that the plant is overwatered, the petiole has separated from the branches, chlorophyll decreases, affecting photosynthesis, resulting in lack of nutrition and weakness and death of the plant.

Pruning: Milan can undergo plastic surgery from a small seedling, keeping a section of the trunk 15 to 20 centimeters high, so as not to make the main branches grow out of the ground.

Because Milan produces spikes of flowers in the armpits of new leaves, new leaves are not usually trimmed. However, if Milan passes the winter indoors, or if it is cultivated outdoors, there will often be a small number of withered branches, which should be pruned at any time to keep the tree shape beautiful and conducive to plant growth. Therefore, a pruning can be carried out when it is removed from the outside in spring to remove dead branches, disease and insect branches and weak over-dense branches, so as to enhance ventilation and light transmission and concentrate nutrients.

It generally does not need pruning during its growing period, but if its growth is too dense, some inner bore branches or cross branches that do not bloom can be trimmed properly to truncate the branches that grow irregularly or too high, so as to facilitate light and ventilation.

If the plant grows too tall after a few years, the part that is too dense can be trimmed to make it grow more lateral branches and blossom more. It can also be bent to improve the ornamental value. The trimmed material can also be protected and propagated.

Light and temperature management: Milan is a positive flower, only in the environment of sufficient light, adequate fertilizer, ventilation and ventilation can it grow strong, not cold-resistant and slightly shade-resistant.

In the process of maintaining Milan, it can be exposed to sufficient sunlight throughout the four seasons, and the daily duration of sunlight should be 8 hours or more, so that the plant will grow luxuriantly, the leaf color will be thick green, the branches will be stout, the pregnant buds will become more, the number of blossoms will increase, the flower color will become bright, and the aroma will be more intense. If Milan is left in a sunless environment, the plants will grow, the branches will be thin, the number of blossoms will decrease, and the aroma will fade.

Milan likes warmth. The higher the temperature, the more gorgeous and fragrant the flowers will come out. The most suitable temperature for growth is between 20 and 35 degrees Celsius. Therefore, some of the flowering times can reach 5 times from June to October. When the temperature is above 30 degrees Celsius, the flowers are very rich in sufficient sunlight; if the temperature is below 30 degrees Celsius and the light is insufficient, the fragrance of the flowers will be reduced. If the temperature in winter is less than 10 degrees Celsius, it will go into dormancy, and if it is less than 5 degrees Celsius, it will be vulnerable to frost injury.

Management of flowering and fruiting: the florescence in Milan is from June to October every year. If you want the plant to blossom better and more, you should fertilize the flowers frequently and apply them every week after diluting with fermented fish rape, viscera, eggshell and vegetable skin. When the new buds grow in Milan, remove the yellowish-brown fluffy leaf buds to reduce nutrient loss and retain the green and white flower buds. In addition, maintain a sunny, warm and humid environment, and have a fertile sandy loam so that it can grow well. Pruning branches and leaves in time to ensure ventilation and light, in such an environment, can promote its healthy growth, and often blossom.

Milan can only grow well and cannot bear shade when there is plenty of sunshine, so after winter, the flowering period can be controlled by controlling the duration of light, so it is possible to keep the Spring Festival open as usual. If you need to delay the flowering time, you can reduce the light, if you need to promote the flower, you can extend the light time, and you can add light manually for a few hours at night, which can promote the bud to open earlier.

Before the flower bud, it is necessary to apply more phosphate fertilizer in order to have more buds.

Change the pot: potted Milan, generally change the pot once every two years, the time is about a week after the spring out of the house is the most appropriate. Because Milan's root system is mainly capillary root, it is easy to damage the root system when changing pots, so, in order to minimize root damage, do not break the old soil on the plant, leave more old soil, just remove the old soil where there is no root, and then cut off the rotten roots with a knife.

Wash the basin or replace it with a new basin that has already been soaked, and replace it with a new culture soil. When changing the soil, you can add appropriate phosphate fertilizer to the bottom of the basin as base fertilizer, but not too much. Put the shade on the basin and slow down the seedlings in a cool place, and then move to the sunny place after about a week to enter the normal management.

Reproduction: Milan's reproduction methods are mainly striping and cutting propagation.

The high-altitude crimping method is often used in striping reproduction, and the crimping time is better in the plum rain season.

Select the annual Lignification branch, and then peel it in a ring at the base of 20 cm. The peeling width is about 1 cm. The upper part can leave 2-3 twigs, the lower side branches can be all cut off, and then apply the moss or peat to the girdling site. Note that the moss and peat should be disinfected in advance before they can be used. After wrapping, fasten the film up and down tightly, do not let it leak in the lower part, and slightly loose in the upper part, then sprinkle water to the bag in time to keep it moist, wait until 2-3 months, and then cut away from the mother plant.

The method of cutting propagation is mainly carried out from June to August, and the sturdy branches that have been lignified in the same year can be cut out as cuttings, about 0 cm in length, leaving 2 or 3 leaflets at the top, cut off the leaves below, and inserted into a bed with peat as the matrix or sand and perlite as the matrix, about 4 cm, then pour through water and seal the basin mouth with plastic film for heat preservation and moisturizing. Keep the indoor temperature at about 28 degrees Celsius, humidity at about 95%, and keep the bed moist. It will take about 2 months to take root and transplant. If the cuttings are soaked in 500ppm acetic acid solution for about 20 hours before insertion, and then cleaned and then cut, the cuttings can take root early.

Overwintering: before and after Frosts Descent, when the temperature dropped below 10 degrees Celsius, Milan should be the room, family potted plants, generally winter indoor temperature as long as not less than 5 degrees Celsius can safely survive the winter, even because the weather is slightly cold, the top of the branches have fallen leaves, after pruning and changing pots after the beginning of the next spring, and then strengthen water and fertilizer management, careful maintenance, will soon draw out new leaves, re-blooming.

If you encounter particularly cold weather, you can put two layers of plastic bags on the cover of the plant to keep warm, and put a few small holes in the plastic bag to make it breathable. Take off the plastic bag every 1 or 2 days and let it breathe fully, otherwise the leaves will turn yellow.

The indoor temperature had better be kept between 8 degrees Celsius and 10 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is too high, the top branch is easy to sprout and consume nutrients, and when it comes out of the room in spring, it is easy to wither, which will directly affect the growth and flowering of the following year.

During the overwintering period, but also to avoid indoor temperature ups and downs, do not often change the location.

In the overwintering period, to keep the basin soil moist, too dry will cause leaf yellow to fall off, too wet will cause leaves to rot, when the air is dry, you can spray water to the leaves, preferably at noon on a sunny day, and the temperature of the water ejected is about the same as the temperature of the basin soil. If the leaf surface is soiled, it should be cleaned so that it can breathe normally.

If Milan cannot be watered for a period of time due to various factors, such as going out, the bottom of the Milan pot can be lowered to a shallow basin with moist soil, so that the plant can absorb a small amount of water from the bottom.

If found that there are withered leaves should be removed in time, so as not to lose too much nutrients, but also affect the appearance.

After entering the room, you should also pay attention to ventilation, but do not put it in a windy environment to avoid frostbite.

The time to leave the room should be after the Qingming Festival, and when the temperature is basically stable above 15 degrees Celsius, consider leaving the room. Before leaving the room, you should first let it adapt to the external environment. You can open the window so that Milan can gradually adapt to the air outside. After an excessive period of time, then get out of the room.

Pest control: the main diseases in Milan are stem rot, anthrax, Milan chlorosis, etc.; pests are mainly white moth wax cicada, aphids, red spiders, shell insects and so on.

If stem rot occurs in the plant, the branches should be smeared with 0.5% Bordeaux solution or 70% carbendazim 800 times solution in time at the initial stage of the disease.

Anthrax is a major disease easily infected in Milan, which often breaks out from June to October. Infected leaves will start from the tip and edge of the leaves and gradually turn brown. Petioles and stems will also gradually turn brown if infected with this pathogen.

To prevent and cure this kind of bacteria, it is necessary to remove the diseased body in time after discovering the diseased branches and leaves, cut off the source of infection, and then improve the ventilation condition.

It can also be sprayed with potassium manganate 1000-1200 times aqueous solution.

Milan yellowing is a common disease, which often occurs in the hot and rainy season at the turn of spring and summer. The new leaves of the infected plants lack green, the branches wither, and even lead to the death of the whole plant. This disease is mainly due to alkali in the soil, so it is necessary to improve the soil, make the soil slightly acidic, and loosen the soil.

Red spiders and aphids can be sprayed with 40% dimethoate 1000-1500 times aqueous solution or 1200 times dichlorvos aqueous solution if the plant is affected by red spiders, aphids and so on.

The best location: outside the window facing south.