Death causes and Control of Mushroom Bud and Young Mushroom of Edible Fungi

1, the temperature is too high: when the mushroom bud formation and growth, mushroom shed (room) temperature suddenly increased or for several days above 20℃, coupled with poor ventilation, mushroom bud will shrink yellow, and finally die. This situation often occurs in late autumn or early spring, because the mushroom bud is formed under low temperature conditions, its nutrients are transported from the mycelium to the fruiting body, and when the temperature suddenly rises, the nutrients flow back from the fruiting body to the mycelium, and the mushroom bud dies due to lack of nutrients. Control methods: pay close attention to temperature changes, adjust the temperature of mushroom shed (house) according to weather forecast, keep the temperature of mushroom shed (house) below 20℃, and prevent the temperature of mushroom shed (house) from rising suddenly.

2. The mushroom shed (room) is poorly ventilated in winter. In order to maintain the temperature of the mushroom shed (room), the mushroom farmer often closes the mushroom shed (room) tightly and neglects ventilation. It is also possible that the mushroom shed (room) is too large, although there are ventilation holes around it, but the ventilation is uneven, the gas inside and outside the mushroom shed (room) cannot be exchanged, the air supply in the mushroom shed (room) is insufficient, and the mushroom bud or young mushroom cannot get sufficient oxygen and suffocate to death. Control methods: no matter what the circumstances, should pay attention to mushroom shed (room) ventilation, ventilation 1~2 times a day, high temperature can be ventilated in the morning or evening, low temperature can be ventilated around noon, ventilation time can be appropriately shorter. On windy days, only leeward vents are opened, while on windless days, vents are opened to allow full circulation of air.

3. Improper water use: during the growth period of young mushrooms, spray water directly on the mushroom bed and mushroom body, so that the humidity in the mushroom shed (room) is too high. If the mushroom shed (room) is poorly ventilated, the accumulated water on the mushroom body cannot be distributed in time, and a water film is formed on the surface of the mushroom body, which is soaked to death or induces bacterial diseases, so that the young mushrooms rot and die. The mushroom tube or covering layer is short of water, and the young mushroom does not get enough water and dies. It is also possible to spray water directly on the mushroom body when the temperature of the mushroom shed (room) is high, and the mushroom bud is suddenly stimulated and dies. Control methods: When the temperature of mushroom shed (room) is above 20℃, do not spray water; pay attention to ventilation every time when spraying water, do not spray stuffy water; do not spray water directly on mushroom body and mushroom bed during mushroom bud or young mushroom period, spray water on ground and space to keep mushroom shed (room) suitable humidity; when the moisture of mushroom tube or covering soil is insufficient, timely replenish water and adjust humidity.

4, mushroom too dense: bed cultivation of edible fungi such as Agaricus bisporus, Coprinus mushroom and so on due to dry culture or soil cover is too thin, after covering the soil hyphae grow fast, in the surface formation of dense mushroom buds, but because nutrition can not meet the needs of too many mushroom buds, so that part of the mushroom buds die. Bag cultivation mushrooms such as mushrooms, pleurotus ostreatus, etc., when the mycelium is not mature, in case of large temperature difference between day and night, or too many times of mushroom bag turnover, soaking time is too long, will also form dense mushroom buds, most of these mushroom buds die. Control methods: the thickness of the soil cover is controlled at 3~5 cm; after the soil cover, water spray is timely adjusted to keep the soil moisture content at 18%~20%. The mycelium was cultured in bag culture until physiological maturity, and then bud induction was carried out. The temperature difference stimulation time should not be too long, 3~4 days.

5, pest damage and improper use of drugs: pest damage or excessive spraying, too much drug concentration, will make the mushroom bud or young mushroom death, or even cultivation failure. Control methods: during the fruiting period without chemical control, trapping and killing methods can be used to control. If pesticides must be used, they can only be used after mushroom harvest, with low toxicity and low residue, and the concentration should be controlled within the allowable range.