Prevention and control of verrucosporium in edible fungi

When mushroom fruiting body is infected by verrucospora, fruiting body differentiation is blocked and deformed mushroom is formed. If the mushroom stem and lid are infected after differentiation, the mushroom stem will turn brown. Infected at the end of fruiting body development, the fruiting body will appear angular pale brown spots and no mycelium can be seen. If the diseased mushroom tissue remains on the mushroom bed, it will gradually turn brown and exude brown liquid.

Second, control methods (a) cover soil should be 15 cm from the surface of the soil below, so as to avoid bringing surface diseases and insect pests into the mushroom room. After the soil is retrieved, it is exposed to dry state under the scorching sun, and the soil particles are adjusted to wet state with 0.1% formaldehyde solution, then covered with film and sealed for 1 day, and then spread out and dried for 1 day to allow formaldehyde to volatilize before use. If steam disinfection is used, the soil can be kept at 65℃ for 1 hour. (2) Mushroom treatment. Mushrooms should be kept away from garbage dumps and pigs, cattle sheds, etc. If the culture medium is fermented twice in the mushroom house, steam disinfection can be combined with pasteurization. If not secondary fermentation in the mushroom room, formaldehyde can be used for disinfection, according to each cubic meter with formaldehyde 10 ml, potassium permanganate 2 grams of fumigation for 12 hours. (3) Before mushroom fruiting, spraying pesticides evenly in and around the mushroom house can effectively prevent the occurrence of verrucous mildew. Commonly used pesticides are carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, Tekdo, verrucosporine, etc., with concentrations of 500 to 1000 times. (4) Treatment of diseased mushroom beds. If wart spore mildew occurs in a large area, stop spraying water immediately and dig out the diseased mushrooms and wart spore mold filaments on the mushroom bed. Mushroom fumigation with formaldehyde for 1 hour, pay attention not to fumigate too long. Ventilate 2~3 days after fumigation, spray pesticide evenly after the surface of mushroom bed is dry. If verrucous mildew occurs in small quantities, it is necessary to remove the diseased mushrooms and verrucous mildew filaments in time, and spray pesticides evenly on the affected parts. (V) Strengthen mushroom house management, pay attention to ventilation under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and timely handle the removed diseased mushrooms.