High yield cultivation measures of broccoli

The selection of varieties and the determination of sowing date are suitable for growing in cool climate and can only be cultivated in autumn and winter. Generally used for processing and export, it requires tight flower heads, dark green color, small and medium-sized grains, middle and late maturity, high yield and relatively long harvest time, so it is convenient for factories to arrange production. According to this requirement, in recent years, the future, excellent and other precocious and heat-resistant varieties have been mainly selected.

The field with good drainage and irrigation conditions and the previous crop is not Cruciferae (Chinese cabbage, cabbage, cauliflower, radish) as seedling land and transplanting land.

Seedlings should be raised in a greenhouse with ventilation, good drainage, shade and rain protection.

After sowing, the seedling bed was timely covered with plastic film to preserve soil moisture, the film was covered with sunshade net to cool down, the greenhouse was covered with top film, and the top film was covered with sunshade net, and the temperature in the greenhouse was controlled at about 25 ℃. Check seedling emergence 2 days after sowing, and remove the plastic film and sunshade net from the seedling bed in the evening when about 70% of the seedlings have emerged.

Seedbed management does not water before breaking the heart to prevent the Hypocotyl from being too high to form tall seedlings. The seedling stage should be no more than 25 muri for 30 days. The main diseases in seedling stage are: quenching disease and blight disease. The control method is to use 75% chlorothalonil 500 times or 50% carbendazim 500 times alternately for 3 times after the seedlings are arched in the soil.

Before applying sufficient base fertilizer and reasonable close planting, 100 kilograms of rotten organic fertilizer, 50 kg of high concentration compound fertilizer and 0.8 kg of boron fertilizer were applied per mu. (without boron fertilizer, the bulb is easy to be hollow, and it can also be sprayed with 12 leaves in 10 murmurs, which can be sprayed on the leaves during the vigorous growth period. Then ploughing and turning to make beds, using high ridges and double rows, the ridge surface is 1 meter wide, the plant spacing is about 40 centimeters, and there are 2700 Murray 3000 plants per mu. Immediately after planting, pour the root water.

Field management of Xi Lanhua likes fertilizer and water, and topdressing and watering by stages is the key to high quality and high yield.

Fertilizer management needs adequate nutrition in the whole growth process, especially before budding, the formation of sufficient nutrients is the key to achieve high yield and improve the qualified rate, otherwise the flower bulb is loose. Fertilization in principle, light application of seedling fertilizer, application of sufficient fertilizer, skillful application of expansion fertilizer. Under the premise of applying sufficient base fertilizer, it was applied in three times, that is, the seedling fertilizer was raised once in 10 days after planting, and 5 kg urea was applied per mu plus 100 kg of dilute mature human feces and urine. 10 Mel 12 pieces of fertilizer per mu of urea 15 kg, plus 10 kg of high concentration compound fertilizer. At the budding stage, when the bud is the size of a ping-pong ball, apply inflated fertilizer and 5 kg urea per mu.

The requirement of water management is relatively strict, which is neither waterlogging nor drought resistant. Water management should be carried out according to the field soil moisture, irrigation and drainage. Irrigation should run horse water after dusk and leave no stagnant water in the field the next day. Pay attention to timely drainage, ploughing and soil cultivation after rain, so as to increase the air permeability of soil and promote the development of root system.