Want to make the guava grow better? Try the magic Trichoderma fattening! Defeat nodule nematode, high yield and delicious

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A good helper for plants to fight diseases and insect pests, Trichoderma is coming! After 17 years of research and development, Taichung Agricultural Reform Farm screened out Trichoderma TCT768, which is suitable for Taiwan's environment, added compost and sprinkled it on the countryside, so that crops can quickly absorb nutrients, grow stronger, and induce beneficial bacteria to help plants resist annoying "nodule nematodes."

In recent years, because of climate change, root nodule nematodes have become a headache for various crops, especially guava and dragon fruit, root nodule nematodes will appear in the roots for a long time. However, if actinomycetes are used directly, the amount of application will affect the control effect. in addition, the original bacteria cost 1800-2000 yuan per kilogram, which is very expensive. In order to reduce the use cost of farmers, Trichoderma inoculated with mushroom waste can produce compost containing a large number of actinomycetes, with fertilizer effect and actinomycetes at the same time, the price is cheap and the effect is better.

At present, the Taichung Agricultural Reform Farm has transferred Trichoderma technology and cooperated with the industry to develop solid fertilizer "mushroom abalone" and liquid fertilizer. Experiments have been carried out on a variety of crops, such as the central Paradise and Momordica charantia orchards, with remarkable results, with an average improvement of 30% of fruit drop. At the same time, the yield was increased by 25% and 50%.

On the left is the Paradise where farmers use mushroom Bao Jun, and on the right is the tropical strain of the nearby Paradise without mushroom Bao Jun (photo _ Lin Yijun), which helps plants resist extreme weather.

As the name implies, Trichoderma was found on "moldy wood". When he came to the laboratory of Chen Chun-Wei, director of the Puli branch of the Taichung agricultural reform farm, he introduced the strains of Trichoderma that had been cultivated and preserved in the past. "there are many kinds of Trichoderma, which are commonly divided into temperate and tropical types. Because of the hot and humid climate in Taiwan, tropical TCT768 was finally selected."

Recalling the opportunity for research, Chen Chun-Wei, director of the Puli branch of the Taichung agricultural reform farm, said: "in fact, the protagonist at the beginning was not Trichoderma, but compost." In 1993, the Taichung District Agricultural Reform Farm began to develop compost. In order to improve the peculiar smell of compost fermentation, researchers kept looking for materials that could accelerate fermentation. That is why they found Trichoderma.

Chen Junji, director of Puli Branch of Taichung Agricultural Reform Farm, accelerated the decomposition of nutrients, and Trichoderma became a crop guard.

Trichoderma is a kind of fungus, which is related to Lentinus edodes and Auricularia auricula, which are common in supermarkets. The key to accelerating fermentation is that it can break down cellulose, breaking down previously larger cellulose into smaller monosaccharides and disaccharides, making it easy for bacteria to eat. Just like a newborn baby, you need your mother's help to chew your food before you can swallow it.

The protective mechanism of Trichoderma to plants is as follows: Trichoderma first converts nutrients into monosaccharides, which will stimulate the proliferation of actinomycetes eating monosaccharides, and actinomycetes can control an important crop pest: nodule nematode. Actinomycetes multiply in the soil and decompose the nodule nematodes and eggs composed of chitin in one fell swoop, which can achieve the effect of plant protection.

Root nodule nematode parasitic on plant roots, resulting in inability to absorb water and nutrients, making plant roots rotten and brittle (photo _ Lin Yijun)

The value of waste sawdust from mushroom culture increased tenfold when the guava tree (photo _ Lin Yijun) who died of root nodule nematode was added to Trichoderma.

The opportunity for Taichung Agricultural Reform Farm to develop and add Trichoderma compost is to solve two major items of agricultural waste in Taiwan: chicken manure and waste sawdust from mushroom cultivation. After six years of screening Trichoderma TCT768, which is suitable for Taiwan's climate, under the introduction of Lin Zhangji, chairman of the Taichung Taiping District Peasants' Association, the cooperation with Taichung Jingyuan Mushroom Farm began in 105.

After operating the wafer mushroom farm for 18 years, the huge factory can hold 288,000 mushroom bottles, mainly producing Pleurotus eryngii. After disinfection, the plastic bottle is filled with wood, rice bran, soybean meal and so on, and then connected with Pleurotus eryngii, it can reproduce and grow. Since Pleurotus eryngii is harvested only once per bottle and does not harvest continuously like Lentinus edodes, the material below is still rich in nutrients and is a good material for composting.

Two hills are piled up at the back of the plant, one of which is filled with plastic bottles and the other is waste material after mushroom cultivation, which produces 8 tons of waste every day. Lin Zhangde, director of the yard, said: "in the past, when these wastes were sold to recycling yards, a car could get 4000 to 5000 yuan at most, but now it can be used as composting material, and the weight of the same truck can recover 60, 000 yuan."

From left to right, the order is: Delin Pesticide Lin Gaoyi, Lin Zhangji, chairman of Taiping District, Taichung City, Chen Junji, director of Puli Branch of Taichung Agricultural Reform Farm, Lin Zhangde, Wafer Mushroom Farm (Photo / Lin Yijun)

The production process of Trichoderma compost is as follows: first, Trichoderma is added to liquid composting inoculum, and then added to mushroom waste for accumulation and fermentation. after 1-2 months, it can be packed into a bag and handed over to farmers.