Several experiences in the production of perennial flowers in greenhouse

When perennial root flowers are produced in greenhouse, scientific management must be carried out in order to achieve the purpose of high quality and high yield, annual supply and cost reduction. Here are some specific experiences.

Upper basin

The selection of flowerpots should grasp the principle of using small pots for small seedlings and large pots for big seedlings. The new flowerpot should be soaked in water for 1 to 2 days before use and annealed to remove alkali to prevent the potted wall from absorbing water strongly and damaging the flower root system. The old flowerpot must be scraped clean to remove the soil and moss from the basin wall, which is conducive to air permeability and water seepage. The pot practice is to choose a suitable flowerpot and cover the vents at the bottom of the basin with tiles or plastic window screens. Then fill the bottom of the basin with culture soil about 3 cm thick, put the plant in the center of the basin, and fill the culture soil around the root system until the root is completely buried. Gently lift the plant to stretch the root system, gently press the root basin soil with your hand, so that the soil particles are in close contact with the root system, and then add the culture soil to 3 cm away from the basin mouth. The first watering after potting is called "fixed root water". It should be watered thoroughly to facilitate the survival of flowers.

Change the basin

After the seedlings are potted, with the growth of branches and leaves, the pots are usually changed many times before flowering. The water should be stopped before changing the basin to make the basin soil reach a certain degree of dryness. Then dump the flowerpot, tap the pot wall, insert your finger into the drainage hole to push out the pot soil, and remove the soil from the root of the plant. Cut off the old and rotten roots and replant the plant in a large new flowerpot. The slow seedling stage is about 4 to 5 days.

Rotating basin

As most of the sunlight in the greenhouse only comes from the south, if the perennial flowers are fixed in it for a long time, the crown will be partial to the crown due to phototaxis. For this reason, the basin should be turned at the right time and once a week in the prosperous period.

Pour the basin

The purpose of pot pouring is to make the plant grow evenly, and the light, temperature, humidity, ventilation and so on will be different in different locations of the greenhouse. The flowerpot should be changed at the right time.

Watering

Water with good quality, slightly acidic to neutral should be selected. The water temperature should be consistent with the environmental temperature of plant growth, and do not directly pour water with too low temperature. Well water or tap water should be stored in a storage tank for 1 to 2 days before use. The amount of watering depends on the species, growth and development period and season of perennial flowers. Such as xerophytic, dormant or slow-growing flowers, relatively less water demand, wet or in the vigorous growth period of flowers, relatively more water demand. The temperature rises in spring, windy, air relative humidity is low, want to increase watering water, can 1 to 2 days irrigate; summer temperature is high, evaporation is big, also should increase watering times, in the morning and evening each time, found wilting phenomenon, can replenish water at noon; autumn temperature gradually low, plant growth is slow, can be reduced to once every 2 to 3 days; in winter, different kinds of flowers have great differences in water demand. Those who spend the winter in the cold room can be watered once every 5 to 10 days, while those who enter the greenhouse should be watered once a day or every other day.

Fertilizer application

Base fertilizer is mostly organic fertilizer such as livestock and poultry manure, mixed with some phosphorus and potash fertilizer. The amount of potted soil of potted flowers is limited, and the nutrition needed by plants should be supplemented by topdressing. In order to prevent the heat produced by fertilizer fermentation from harming the root system, cake fertilizer and livestock and poultry manure were fermented and applied in the form of liquid fertilizer. Alkaline soil should choose acidic fertilizer, such as ammonium nitrogen (ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride); phosphate fertilizer can choose water-soluble fertilizer such as calcium phosphate or ammonium phosphate. Alkaline fertilizer can be used for acid soil, nitrate nitrogen can be used for nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate rock powder and plant ash can be used for phosphorus and potassium fertilizer.

Topdressing

At the beginning of topdressing, liquid fertilizer should be light rather than thick, usually once every half a month. The prosperous period can be once every 5 to 7 days, and the concentration can also be slightly increased. When topdressing, powdered organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer is often used on the basin surface, but the dosage should not be too much, otherwise it will damage the root system, affect absorption, and even cause plant death.

Shading

Most of the perennial root flowers cultivated in greenhouse receive scattered light and are sensitive to external strong light. A shade shed is needed to move outdoors in spring, with a shading rate of about 40% to 60%.