Methods and points for attention of Orchid Culture in North China

Orchid, also known as orchid grass, is a specialty flower in China, and it is also recognized as one of the top ten famous flowers in China. Orchids are born in the mountains and ravines of the south. With their elegant fragrance and elegant posture, orchids have been praised by ancient and modern poets and painters. There are indeed a lot of people who love orchids. Raising orchids in the south is as simple as raising horse lotus in the north, because the humid climate and slightly acidic soil and water in the south are the best hotbeds for orchids to grow. But in the north, especially in many parts of North China, the soil is alkaline, the water is alkaline, and the air is dry, in sharp contrast to the original environment of orchids. Such climate and soil and other environmental conditions, unsuitable like humid environment, should be semi-overcast, which requires the growth and development of orchids in acidic soil, so it is easy to cause poor growth, yellow leaves and rotten roots, or even death of the whole plant. So people bring orchids from the south, and it won't be long before they slowly grow sluggish until they die. Some people think that orchids are delicate and difficult to maintain, so they give up raising orchids.

In order to grow orchids well in northern areas, we should try to create suitable environmental conditions for their growth and development and meet the requirements of their biological characteristics in order to make them grow and bloom well. It is necessary to do the following work well.

Choose to make good use of the basin and cultivate the soil in the general family to raise orchids, the choice of the basin is better than the mud basin. If you add beauty to the decorative effect, you can set a porcelain basin with colored glaze on the outside of the mud basin. The size of the basin is suitable for the orchid root to fully stretch in the basin. It is best to use orchid paste in potted soil. It can also be made by itself. It can be prepared with 6 parts of rotten leaf soil or peat soil, 3 parts of sandy soil, 1 part of cake fertilizer, or 5 parts of rotten leaf soil, 3 parts of compost soil and 2 parts of coarse sand. Pot method see: common sense and cultivation techniques of orchid selection.

Watering an appropriate amount of orchid watering is a regular work, and it is also an important link in the success of orchid cultivation. The potted soil of orchids should always be kept moist, but avoid too much water content. In cultivation, the amount of water should be determined according to different seasons and different growth stages of orchids. Generally, starting from spring, with the rise of temperature, orchids turn to the vigorous growth period, and the amount of water should be gradually increased, watering once every two days; the summer temperature is high, and it is also the peak period of orchid growth, which is usually suitable for watering in the early morning and evening, and must not be watered at noon. With the advent of the rainy season, we should flexibly control the amount of watering according to the number of Rain Water and the dampness of the basin soil, and avoid the accumulation of water in the basin soil and cause root rot; at the end of autumn, the temperature begins to drop, and the amount of water should be gradually reduced and irrigated every 2-3 days; the winter temperature is low, most orchids enter the dormant period, and watering should be controlled at this time, but the watering of flowering ink orchids and cold orchids in winter should be more appropriate.

Thin fertilizer should be skillfully applied to orchids to apply thin fertilizer, do not apply thick fertilizer, there are clear orchids, turbid jasmine said. Generally speaking, newly planted orchid plants are not suitable to be fertilized in the first year; they will be fertilized after the Qingming Festival in the second year until the Beginning of Autumn. Fertilizer and water of fully mature thin pancakes can be applied once or twice a month. As orchids are fleshy roots, do not apply unripe fertilizer to avoid rotting roots. The water should be controlled for 2 days before each fertilization, and then applied after the basin soil dries a little. Water should be watered once in the morning after application to prevent the root system from being contaminated by something unclean in the fertilizer solution. Attention should be paid to avoid splashing leaves when applying liquid fertilizer. For the orchid plants which have reached the flowering age after several years of cultivation, nitrogen fertilizer is mainly applied in the early stage to promote new bud germination and rapid growth, while phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is mainly applied in the later stage, which is beneficial to the enlargement of pseudobulbs, broad and thick leaves, and provide sufficient nutrients for flower bud differentiation. Specifically, liquid fertilizer dominated by phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be applied twice every autumn before flower bud differentiation; during the budding period, the leaves should be washed with clean water in the evening on a sunny day, and then 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be sprayed on the leaf surface and back with a small sprayer, or plant ash water should be applied to the root. At this time, extra-root fertilization is beneficial to promote the development of roots, stems and flowers of orchids. Two more liquid fertilizers or compound chemical fertilizers dominated by nitrogen fertilizer could promote plant growth about 20 days after flower shedding. Do not apply fertilizer on cloudy and rainy days, and stop applying fertilizer during winter dormancy.

The light should be suitable for orchid sexual shade, cool environment, avoid direct sunlight. Therefore, the north can see more sunshine before 9 am from April to the first ten days of May, and shade is needed after the middle of May. At this time, it is necessary to put it in a cool and ventilated place to cultivate, especially in summer, and avoid hot sun exposure. Chinese orchids have the highest degree of shade tolerance, followed by autumn orchids, while spring orchids and summer orchids need more sunshine. Light is an important factor in the formation of flower buds of orchids. Although proper shading is needed during the growth of orchids in spring, summer and autumn, putting orchids in shaded places to prevent them from receiving sunlight will also affect flower bud differentiation, resulting in little or no flowering. Therefore, after the autumn is cool, we should let all kinds of orchids bask in the sun or put them indoors in places with bright scattered light and good ventilation; in winter, they should be placed near the south window to receive more light to enhance their vitality and promote flower bud differentiation. Especially for winter flowering Mulan, cold orchid should be put indoors in the sunny place in winter, it is not good to bloom without light.

In short, orchids should not come out in spring, not in summer, not dry in autumn, and not wet in winter, which means that spring bogeys are not attacked by cold wind, and do not move out of the air; in summer, they are afraid of direct sunlight and should be placed in a cool and ventilated place; autumn bogey basin soil is dry, when orchids are pregnant bud period, watering water should be increased appropriately; dormant in winter, water is more perishable roots, and wet between dry and dry is the principle. .