Matters needing attention in adaptive cultivation of orchids

At present, some of the orchids we have introduced are resale seedlings from Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. No matter where it is introduced, there is a process of adapting to one's own growing environment. According to my more than four years of practice and observation, all resale seedlings (strong seedlings) must be rejuvenated for three years, at least two years. At that time, if not handled properly, easy to pour grass, easy to get black spots, easy to paste tip and scorched edge. In order to avoid the above phenomena, in order to make the introduced seedlings adapt to the environment and rejuvenate as soon as possible, the following procedures should be done in the maintenance process.

First, the common sense of introduction:

L, when introducing orchid seedlings, we should first understand the maintenance environment and (including domestic) maintenance methods. This is the key to the success of introduction. As the saying goes, "only by knowing yourself and the enemy can you win a hundred battles." this is a summary of experience. Orchid cultivation is the same, first of all, we should not only understand its characteristics, but also analyze the methods I should take to protect the environment, so that we can raise the imported orchids well, which is the most basic common sense of orchid cultivation. If you do not pay attention to this point to copy the experience of others, it is very difficult to raise introduced seedlings well. as a result, you lose confidence in orchids, and you blame others for their incompetence, not for their own incompetence, but for the quality of other people's orchid seedlings. This is unscientific and unreasonable.

2. It is important to know that resale seedlings are cultured on particles or hydroponics in artificial all-weather conditions. And to survive the cultivation of our natural weather, this is a major turning point in the environment. According to relevant data reports and introduction practice, it is a fact that the rate of strong seedlings in the place of origin is not more than 5%, and the rate of weakness is as high as 95%. However, previous practical experience has come to the conclusion that the key lies in the word "adaptation". As long as it adapts, it can also be planted well, and strong seedlings can be planted, and it can also ensure that mother and father grass can produce new roots.

The first condition is to introduce the transition from artificial weather to natural weather to improve the stress resistance of orchid plant quickly and effectively in a short period of time. Under natural ecological conditions, the stress resistance of orchids can improve the resistance to virus sources, bacterial sources, insect pests, temperature, diurnal temperature difference, monthly temperature difference, seasonal temperature difference, air relative temperature, humidity and microbial content, and the nutritional full price rate of plant materials. and relative shade, broad-spectrum resistance, while ability and adaptability, this is to improve the stress resistance of orchid plants. In terms of physiological mechanism, to accelerate cell differentiation, strengthen photosynthesis of chloroplast cells, improve nutrient transformation, accelerate metabolism and improve this series of physiological functions, plant hormones and full-valent nutrients must be supplied. Because of the fast supply, foliar spraying can only be used. In addition to strict sterilization in planting, it is best to soak (promote root growth) in nutrient solution for more than 2 hours. this method is very effective for orchid seedlings trafficked over a long distance to quickly return to normal growth. Because long-distance trafficking to plant seedlings, great loss of nutrition, growing in a superior environment, suddenly change the environment, just like people living in a superior home, conditions change life in a harsh environment can not adapt, should slowly adapt. Moreover, most of the roots of orchid seedlings sold over the long distance have been seriously damaged, the root bark is damaged, and the blue bacteria are lost, so soaking nutrient solution is a simple, quick and safe way to cultivate and cultivate before planting. For example, the root nutrient solution can quickly repair the damaged part of the fine epidermis of the root and promote the growth of the new root. It has been proved by practice that the roots soaked in the upper basin by nutrient solution can sprout earlier and more quickly. If you spray the nutrient solution once a week to promote root growth after putting it on the basin, you will be able to produce very sharp (crystal head) or new roots within ten days. The soaked Langen must dry the roots until they are white and soft before potting.

3. The selection of plant material should be coarse-grained plant material. Practice has proved that all resale seedlings (including long-distance transportation of local seedlings, leaving the soil for a long time) use immortal soil seed value to root quickly, recover quickly and sprout early. Therefore, it is best to use coarse-grained mud in the first year of introduction. In the process of using immortal soil, the immortal soil must be soaked in black and put on the basin when conditional or planted with Caiyun grass, which can achieve heat preservation and moisturizing.

Second, increase the accumulated energy.

The relative shade of resale seedlings must be about 80%, increase light accumulation energy, appropriately enhance photosynthesis, accelerate the synthesis of chloroplast cells (using Liwei green), and promote metabolism. For example, it is better to pour hot water at room temperature when it is cold.

Third, dampness encourages.

Relative humidity should be more than 70%, to enhance leaf respiration, accelerate leaf epidermis cell metabolism, and promote leaf adaptation to the environment. The new basin must not be too dry, especially the fairy soil, must be moisturized, heat preservation, to prevent the wind blowing. The cold weather (below 10 degrees) is not suitable for spraying foliar water, and it is more suitable to place it in the greenhouse (with scattered light). It is appropriate to get out of the room on May 1st in spring.

Fourth, permeable stress: the use of high-frequency permeable stress, permeable once every seven days. After permeating twice, make water once. The differentiation of root cells was stimulated by physical methods to strengthen the function of absorption. In other words, after the upper basin (refers to the traditional planting method of mountain mud) is thoroughly watered, when the basin soil is dry to 80%, you can see that there are fine cracks on the basin surface, or there is a hard feeling on the hand, then pour the water once more, and then wait until the above phenomenon turns into moisturizing. Half a month later, the potted noodles (Caiyuncao or moss) are alive, indicating that they are suitable for orchid growth. after that, according to the above cycle, the orchids will soon turn to normal growth. If you change to normal management, you should also make water regularly (once a month or once a week). In order to adjust the air circulation in the basin and promote the orchid to take root. The use of fairy soil planting does not need the above practice, as long as you see the normal growth of Caiyun grass can prove that the orchid grows normally, it is best to soak the pot every seven days. For the individual phenomenon that the new grass does not grow roots, there are roughly two reasons: watering too often without being wet and dry, and spraying too much water on the leaf surface. The other is lack of light, especially when the new buds are placed in the shade for a long time at the initial stage of germination, which will also prevent the new grass from growing roots.

Fifth, extra-root support: every seven days, foliar fertilizer is sprayed in the early morning or evening (promoting root growth and splendid Lanbao). At the same time of spraying foliar fertilizer, the base of Reed head is also sprayed properly. The next day (except on cloudy days), spray foliar water once (no dripping shall prevail), such as basin mud is better than dry water.

Sixth, cleaning and sterilization. Resale grass is generally after a long time of transportation, orchid traders in the business process, let customers choose, after thousands of pairs of hands to touch, hand sweat and oil dirt will stay on the bluegrass. After the orchid peddler sprayed water for a long time to keep warm, it was inhaled into the bluegrass. Therefore, the cleaning of resale grass should be taken seriously. First drench in the faucet, then soak in human water (at least 30 minutes), then soak in a germicidal solution for about 10 minutes, pour out the potion to dry until the root turns white, then soak the root in a nutrient solution (soaked to Reed head) for two hours, then dry the root until it turns white or soft.

At present, orchids who have just entered the orchid team who do not seem to understand tend to think that the longer the orchid is sterilized, the better, or even mix the powder into the mud and soak the basin into the potion, which is a mistake. There is a moderation in everything, and then it is counterproductive. Water damage, fertilizer damage and drug damage are all caused by unscientific practices. To know that drugs have internal absorption and non-internal absorption (in the instructions) drugs, if you use internal suction drugs, the longer the bluegrass is soaked and the more times you use, the more likely you are to get the disease; non-internal inhalation drugs play the role of surface germicidal protection, whether internal or non-internal inhalation is to prevent all kinds of bacteria from invading people. Therefore, germicidal drugs can only play a preventive role, not to attract people. Drug damage is more serious than fertilizer damage. This is the so-called viral disease, which is generally difficult to cure. Often die more, even if the survival seedlings are getting smaller and smaller, because bluegrass contains a lot of toxins, just like a person poisoning, the sequelae are difficult to cure, leaving a disability. Fertilizer damage and water damage are only temporary, not poisoning. Is to destroy a certain part, that is to say, rotten roots or black spots, paste tip. As long as the root of the disease is cut off, the new root can be rejuvenated. This is the difference from drug poisoning. The common characteristics caused by drug damage, water damage, and fertilizer damage are mainly manifested in the emergence of new buds of the next generation, and there will be white spots on the tip of the buds (like Ye Yi, some people say "Bailas"). After growing into grass, it slowly disappears, leaving few traces. However, there is often the phenomenon that the grass does not grow big, and the mild grass still grows big grass, but the grass with the virus cannot be rejuvenated, and the old grass will fall very fast, and the leaves will shrink very seriously, even from generation to generation. this is also a symptom of viral disease, but it is not "Byras" disease. In other words, drug poisoning. Therefore, in the absence of completely modern orchid cultivation conditions, we should advocate open-air orchid cultivation, that is, natural orchid cultivation, according to the characteristics of orchids, and start to improve the stress resistance of orchid grass. Like people, in addition to food nutrition, we must strengthen exercise in order to have a strong body. Orchids are also able to grow strong grass according to their own conditions after they have passed the hurdle of adaptability (of course, there are more working procedures with poor conditions). Under normal circumstances, watering and fertilization of the same truth, sufficient sunshine, good permeability (including the environment and basin mouth), to be more watering. If the permeability of the vulva is poor, you should water less. If there is plenty of sunshine and good water permeability, it is more fertilized than the vaginal seed. Because compared with the female species, the metabolism is fast and the consumption is large, so the grass also grows big and fast, so the supplement of nutrition should keep up. As soon as it fails to keep up, it will stop growing, resulting in strong buds and grass. This phenomenon is considered to be the problem of fat, but this is not the case, it is precisely caused by the failure of fat and water to keep up. To some extent, fertilization is to eat with people, there are crude food to grow tall, strong body, but also good nutrition to grow into a good body, the two are more certain that the body cultivated with adequate nutrition has a good physique, less longevity and fewer diseases, and there are many short-term diseases formed by poor food and food. Lan agrees. Then people with excess nutrition is like orchid getting fat damage, physical deficiency will have abnormal development and sickness phenomenon.

I think orchids should pay attention to science and explore more in their own practice. As each person's environment to cultivate soil and fertilizer is different, do not copy the methods of others, but should be treated differently, because the orchid is common and the conditions are different, so it is necessary to create an environment consistent with the orchid. In order to cultivate more and better orchids.